Technical information:
Household data: (202) 691-6378 USDL 02-124
http://www.bls.gov/cps/
Establishment data: 691-6555 Transmission of material in this release is
http://www.bls.gov/ces/ embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EST),
Media contact: 691-5902 Friday, March 8, 2002.
THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: FEBRUARY 2002
The unemployment rate was essentially unchanged at 5.5 percent in
February, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor
reported today. Nonfarm payroll employment was up by 66,000 in February,
following several months of large job losses. February gains in several
industries, however, can be attributed to special factors. Manufacturing
employment continued to decline, although at a slower pace.
Unemployment (Household Survey Data)
The number of unemployed persons (7.9 million) and the unemployment
rate (5.5 percent) were essentially unchanged in February, following
declines in both measures in January. The unemployment rate for Hispanics
fell by a percentage point to 7.1 percent in February. Jobless rates for
the other major worker groups--adult men (5.0 percent), adult women
(5.0 percent), teenagers (15.6 percent), whites (4.9 percent), and blacks
(9.6 percent)--were little changed. (See tables A-1 and A-2.)
Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
Total employment rose by 851,000 to 134.3 million in February, after sea-
sonal adjustment; this increase more than offset a large decline in January.
The employment-population ratio increased by 0.4 percentage point in February,
returning to its December level of 63.0 percent. (See table A-1.)
In February, the number of persons working part time despite their
preference for full-time work increased by 255,000 to 4.2 million. The
number of persons working part time for economic reasons had been at about
that level from September through December. (See table A-4.)
Following a decline of 924,000 in January, the civilian labor force
increased by 821,000 in February, to 142.2 million. The labor force
participation rate--the proportion of the population that is either working
or looking for work--increased by 0.3 percentage point, to 66.7 percent.
(See table A-1.)
Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
In February, the number of persons not in the labor force who reported
that they currently want a job decreased by 449,000, to 4.4 million
(seasonally adjusted); this group accounted for 6.2 percent of all persons
not in the labor force. These individuals were not counted as unemployed
because they had not searched for work in the 4-week period preceding the
survey. Most had not searched for over a year. (See table A-1.)
About 1.4 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) were marginally
attached to the labor force in February. These individuals reported that
they wanted and were available for work and had looked for a job
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Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
___________________________________________________________________________
| Quarterly | |
| averages | Monthly data |
|_________________|__________________________| Jan.-
Category | 2001 | 2001 | 2002 | Feb.
|_________________|__________________________|change
| III | IV | Dec. | Jan. | Feb. |
______________________|________|________|________|________|________|_______
HOUSEHOLD DATA | Labor force status
|____________________________________________________
Civilian labor force..| 141,700| 142,291| 142,314| 141,390| 142,211| 821
Employment..........| 134,839| 134,308| 134,055| 133,468| 134,319| 851
Unemployment........| 6,860| 7,983| 8,259| 7,922| 7,891| -31
Not in labor force....| 70,438| 70,467| 70,613| 71,699| 70,995| -704
|________|________|________|________|________|_______
| Unemployment rates
|____________________________________________________
All workers...........| 4.8| 5.6| 5.8| 5.6| 5.5| -0.1
Adult men...........| 4.3| 5.0| 5.2| 5.2| 5.0| -.2
Adult women.........| 4.2| 5.0| 5.2| 4.8| 5.0| .2
Teenagers...........| 15.2| 15.8| 16.2| 16.1| 15.6| -.5
White...............| 4.2| 4.9| 5.1| 5.0| 4.9| -.1
Black...............| 8.7| 9.9| 10.2| 9.8| 9.6| -.2
Hispanic origin.....| 6.4| 7.5| 7.9| 8.1| 7.1| -1.0
|________|________|________|________|________|_______
ESTABLISHMENT DATA | Employment
|____________________________________________________
Nonfarm employment....| 132,358| 131,510| 131,321|p131,195|p131,261| p66
Goods-producing 1/..| 24,991| 24,592| 24,453| p24,278| p24,247| p-31
Construction......| 6,866| 6,851| 6,850| p6,787| p6,812| p25
Manufacturing.....| 17,556| 17,174| 17,039| p16,929| p16,879| p-50
Service-producing 1/| 107,367| 106,918| 106,868|p106,917|p107,014| p97
Retail trade......| 23,575| 23,404| 23,365| p23,406| p23,464| p58
Services..........| 41,103| 40,947| 40,957| p40,981| p41,021| p40
Government........| 20,973| 21,022| 21,061| p21,063| p21,083| p20
|________|________|________|________|________|_______
| Hours of work 2/
|____________________________________________________
Total private.........| 34.1| 34.1| 34.1| p34.1| p34.1| p.0
Manufacturing.......| 40.7| 40.5| 40.6| p40.6| p40.7| p0.1
Overtime..........| 4.0| 3.8| 3.8| p3.9| p3.9| p.0
|________|________|________|________|________|_______
| Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (1982=100) 2/
|____________________________________________________
Total private.........| 150.3| 148.8| 148.8| p148.3| p148.5| p0.2
|________|________|________|________|________|_______
| Earnings 2/
|____________________________________________________
Avg. hourly earnings, | | | | | |
total private.......| $14.40| $14.53| $14.58| p$14.61| p$14.63| p$0.02
Avg. weekly earnings, | | | | | |
total private.......| 490.93| 494.99| 497.18| p498.20| p498.88| p.68
______________________|________|________|________|________|________|_______
1/ Includes other industries, not shown separately.
2/ Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers.
p=preliminary.
- 3 -
sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed,
however, because they had not actively searched for work in the 4 weeks
preceding the survey. The number of discouraged workers was 371,000 in
February, up by 82,000 from a year earlier. Discouraged workers, a subset
of the marginally attached, were not currently looking for work specifically
because they believed no jobs were available for them. (See table A-10.)
Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)
Nonfarm payroll employment was up by 66,000 in February to 131.3 million,
seasonally adjusted. While the over-the-month change was positive for the
first time since July 2001, much of the gain was due to special circumstances.
Unusual seasonal employment patterns in retail trade, favorable weather for
construction, and a return from temporary plant shutdowns in motor vehicle
manufacturing were important components of the February change. (See
table B-1.)
In the goods-producing sector, manufacturing lost 50,000 jobs in
February, compared with average losses of about 111,000 in the prior 12
months. Motor vehicle employment rose by 26,000, as most of the plants
that had been temporarily shut down in January to reduce inventories were
operating in February. Large employment declines continued in electrical
equipment (-22,000) and industrial machinery (-14,000). Aircraft
manufacturing lost 8,000 jobs in February; since September, employment in
this industry has fallen by 33,000. Employment in printing and publishing
fell by 13,000 in February and has declined by 107,000 over the year.
Construction employment increased by 25,000 in February, reflecting
unusually warm temperatures and dry weather across the country. The job
gains were in heavy construction and, within special trades, concrete work,
both of which are particularly sensitive to the weather. Other construction
components showed little change.
Mining employment declined by 6,000 in February, with most of the
losses in oil and gas extraction (-4,000). Since September, oil and gas
employment has decreased by 9,000.
Within the service-producing sector, wholesale trade job losses totaled
15,000 in February, after 2 months of smaller declines. Employment in the
insurance industry continued to fall in February; the industry has lost
14,000 jobs since September. Employment in finance declined by 11,000 over
the month. Within finance, security brokerages continued to shed jobs,
with losses totaling 45,000 since industry employment peaked in March 2001.
In contrast, employment continued to increase in mortgage brokerages in
February, reflecting low mortgage interest rates.
- 4 -
Retail trade employment rose by 58,000 in February, after seasonal
adjustment. This followed a rise of 41,000 in January. Because of light
hiring during the holiday season, there were fewer workers to lay off in
January and February, resulting in over-the-month gains after seasonal
adjustment. On net, since July, employment in retail trade is down by
142,000, seasonally adjusted.
After substantial job losses in October and November 2001, employment
in the services industry rose modestly for the third consecutive month.
Health services employment rose by 34,000, with offices and clinics of
medical doctors showing a large gain (13,000). Employment in help supply
services edged up by 14,000; however, employment in this industry is 655,000,
or 18.5 percent, below its peak level of September 2000. Engineering and
management services added 9,000 jobs.
In transportation, job losses in the passenger component of air
transportation have slowed in the past 2 months, following a decline of
87,000 in the fourth quarter. Trucking employment continued on the
downward trend that began in April 2001.
Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on
private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged in February at 34.1 hours,
seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing workweek edged up by 0.1 hour
to 40.7 hours. Manufacturing overtime was unchanged at 3.9 hours.
(See table B-2.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1 percent in February to
148.5 (1982=100), seasonally adjusted. The index has fallen by 2.4 percent
from its recent peak in January 2001. The manufacturing index edged down
by 0.1 percent to 92.6 in February and has fallen by 9.7 percent since
January 2001. (See table B-5.)
Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)
Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on
private nonfarm payrolls increased by 2 cents in February to $14.63,
seasonally adjusted. Average weekly earnings rose by 0.1 percent to
$498.88. Over the year, average hourly earnings increased by 3.7 per-
cent and average weekly earnings grew by 3.1 percent. (See table B-3.)
______________________________
The Employment Situation for March 2002 is scheduled to be released on
Friday, April 5, at 8:30 A.M. (EST).
- 5 -
------------------------------------------------------------------
| March 2001 National Benchmarks |
| |
| In accordance with standard practice, BLS will release non- |
|farm payroll employment benchmark revisions with the May data on |
|June 7, 2002. The March 2001 benchmark level has been finalized |
|and will result in a downward revision of 123,000 to total non- |
|farm employment for the March 2001 reference month, an adjustment |
|of 0.1 percent. |
| |
| Also concurrent with the release of the March 2001 benchmark |
|revisions on June 7, BLS will continue the implementation of a |
|new probability-based sample design for the payroll survey. Esti-|
|mates for the mining, construction, manufacturing, and wholesale |
|trade industries are currently produced using the new sample and |
|methodology. Estimates for the transportation and public utili- |
|ties; retail trade; and finance, insurance, and real estate indus-|
|tries will incorporate the new sample design with the June 7 re- |
|lease. Further information is available on the Internet |
|(http://www.bls.gov/ces/) or by calling (202) 691-6555. |
------------------------------------------------------------------
- 6 -
Explanatory Note
This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the
information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears
in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about
60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of
Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides the information on the employment,
hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that appears in the B
tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected from
payroll records by BLS in cooperation with State agencies. In June 2001,
the sample included about 350,000 establishments employing about 39 million
people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week
or pay period. In the household survey, the reference week is generally
the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the
establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the
12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.
Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys
Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire
civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of
questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over
in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the
labor force.
People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid
employees during the reference week; worked in their own business,
profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours
in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if they
were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather,
vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons.
People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following
criteria: They had no employment during the reference week; they were
available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find
employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference
week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be
looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data
derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for
or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.
The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed
persons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the
labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent
of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force
as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the
employed as a percent of the population.
Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
Federal, State, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate
only to production workers in the goods-producing sector and nonsupervisory
workers in the service-producing sector.
- 7 -
Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and
methodological differences between the household and establishment surveys
result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from
the surveys. Among these are:
--The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed,
unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed.
These groups are excluded from the establishment survey.
--The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
employed. The establishment survey does not.
--The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
The establishment survey is not limited by age.
--The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In
the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus
appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each
appearance.
Other differences between the two surveys are described in "Comparing
Employment Estimates from Household and Payroll Surveys," which may be
obtained from BLS upon request.
Seasonal adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the
levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations due to
such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production,
harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The
effect of such seasonal variation can be very large; seasonal
fluctuations may account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month
changes in unemployment.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each
year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting
the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make nonseasonal
developments, such as declines in economic activity or increases in the
participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For example,
the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to
obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it
difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or
declined. However, because the effect of students finishing school in
previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can be
adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal
adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful
tool with which to analyze changes in economic activity.
In both the household and establishment surveys, most seasonally adjusted
series are independently adjusted. However, the adjusted series for many
major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most major
industry divisions, total employment, and unemployment are computed by
aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total
unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-
sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration,
reasons, or more detailed age categories.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are
recalculated twice a year. For the household survey, the factors are
calculated for the January-June period and again for the July-December
- 8 -
period. For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal
adjustment are calculated for the May-October period and introduced along
with new benchmarks, and again for the November-April period. In both
surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year.
Reliability of the estimates
Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject
to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather than the
entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates
may differ from the "true" population values they represent. The exact
difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample
selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the
estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that
an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard
errors from the "true" population value because of sampling error. BLS
analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total
employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or minus
292,000. Suppose the estimate of total employment increases by 100,000
from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the
monthly change would range from -192,000 to 392,000 (100,000 +/- 292,000).
These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these
magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the
"true" over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this range
includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
employment had, in fact, increased. If, however, the reported employment
rise was half a million, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely
(at least a 90-percent chance) that an employment rise had, in fact,
occurred. The 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change in
unemployment is +/- 273,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment
rate it is +/- .19 percentage point.
In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have
lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates
which are based on a small number of observations. The precision of
estimates is also improved when the data are cumulated over time such as
for quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal adjustment process can
also improve the stability of the monthly estimates.
The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling
error. Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons, including the
failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain
information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness
of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes
made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the
data.
For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2
months are based on substantially incomplete returns; for this reason,
these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after
two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample
reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final.
Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is
the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new
firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth
(and other sources of error), a process known as bias adjustment is
included in the survey's estimating procedures, whereby a specified number
of jobs is added to the monthly sample-based change. The size of the
- 9 -
monthly bias adjustment is based largely on past relationships between the
sample-based estimates of employment and the total counts of employment
described below.
The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted
once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment
obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program.
The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the
March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a
rough proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate
changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, the
benchmark revision for total nonfarm employment has averaged 0.3 percent,
ranging from zero to 0.7 percent.
Additional statistics and other information
More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings,
published each month by BLS. It is available for $26.00 per issue or
$50.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC
20402. All orders must be prepaid by sending a check or money order
payable to the Superintendent of Documents, or by charging to Mastercard or
Visa.
Employment and Earnings also provides measures of sampling error for the
household survey data published in this release. For unemployment and
other labor force categories, these measures appear in tables 1-B through
1-D of its "Explanatory Notes." Measures of the reliability of the data
drawn from the establishment survey and the actual amounts of revision due
to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables 2-B through 2-H of that
publication.
Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD message referral
phone: 1-800-877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Employment status, sex, and age
Feb. Jan. Feb. Feb. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.
2001 2002 2002 2001 2001 2001 2001 2002 2002
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 211,026 213,089 213,206 211,026 212,581 212,767 212,927 213,089 213,206
Civilian labor force............................ 141,238 141,074 142,057 141,622 142,280 142,279 142,314 141,390 142,211
Participation rate........................ 66.9 66.2 66.6 67.1 66.9 66.9 66.8 66.4 66.7
Employed...................................... 134,774 132,139 133,349 135,734 134,615 134,253 134,055 133,468 134,319
Employment-population ratio............... 63.9 62.0 62.5 64.3 63.3 63.1 63.0 62.6 63.0
Agriculture................................. 2,794 2,896 2,878 3,133 3,203 3,154 3,246 3,273 3,246
Nonagricultural industries.................. 131,980 129,244 130,472 132,601 131,412 131,099 130,809 130,195 131,073
Unemployed.................................... 6,464 8,935 8,707 5,888 7,665 8,026 8,259 7,922 7,891
Unemployment rate......................... 4.6 6.3 6.1 4.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 5.6 5.5
Not in labor force.............................. 69,788 72,014 71,149 69,404 70,301 70,488 70,613 71,699 70,995
Persons who currently want a job.............. 4,500 4,872 4,436 4,442 4,673 4,698 4,661 4,824 4,375
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 101,428 102,484 102,542 101,428 102,229 102,322 102,402 102,484 102,542
Civilian labor force............................ 75,118 75,208 75,500 75,502 76,027 76,023 75,976 75,469 75,685
Participation rate........................ 74.1 73.4 73.6 74.4 74.4 74.3 74.2 73.6 73.8
Employed...................................... 71,430 70,053 70,522 72,348 71,871 71,570 71,577 71,114 71,457
Employment-population ratio............... 70.4 68.4 68.8 71.3 70.3 69.9 69.9 69.4 69.7
Unemployed.................................... 3,687 5,155 4,978 3,154 4,156 4,453 4,399 4,356 4,228
Unemployment rate......................... 4.9 6.9 6.6 4.2 5.5 5.9 5.8 5.8 5.6
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 93,227 94,228 94,262 93,227 94,015 94,077 94,161 94,228 94,262
Civilian labor force............................ 71,139 71,593 71,786 71,289 71,940 71,935 71,988 71,534 71,718
Participation rate........................ 76.3 76.0 76.2 76.5 76.5 76.5 76.5 75.9 76.1
Employed...................................... 68,114 67,127 67,510 68,766 68,486 68,204 68,276 67,818 68,157
Employment-population ratio............... 73.1 71.2 71.6 73.8 72.8 72.5 72.5 72.0 72.3
Agriculture................................. 1,906 1,976 1,933 2,157 2,132 2,082 2,141 2,207 2,185
Nonagricultural industries.................. 66,208 65,152 65,577 66,609 66,354 66,122 66,135 65,611 65,973
Unemployed.................................... 3,025 4,466 4,276 2,523 3,454 3,731 3,712 3,716 3,560
Unemployment rate......................... 4.3 6.2 6.0 3.5 4.8 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.0
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 109,598 110,605 110,663 109,598 110,353 110,445 110,525 110,605 110,663
Civilian labor force............................ 66,120 65,867 66,557 66,120 66,253 66,256 66,338 65,920 66,525
Participation rate........................ 60.3 59.6 60.1 60.3 60.0 60.0 60.0 59.6 60.1
Employed...................................... 63,344 62,087 62,827 63,386 62,744 62,683 62,478 62,354 62,862
Employment-population ratio............... 57.8 56.1 56.8 57.8 56.9 56.8 56.5 56.4 56.8
Unemployed.................................... 2,777 3,780 3,729 2,734 3,509 3,573 3,860 3,566 3,663
Unemployment rate......................... 4.2 5.7 5.6 4.1 5.3 5.4 5.8 5.4 5.5
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 101,686 102,550 102,651 101,686 102,371 102,438 102,492 102,550 102,651
Civilian labor force............................ 62,335 62,277 62,947 62,130 62,269 62,321 62,481 62,056 62,703
Participation rate........................ 61.3 60.7 61.3 61.1 60.8 60.8 61.0 60.5 61.1
Employed...................................... 60,005 59,048 59,738 59,869 59,302 59,288 59,205 59,102 59,588
Employment-population ratio............... 59.0 57.6 58.2 58.9 57.9 57.9 57.8 57.6 58.0
Agriculture................................. 794 771 803 824 842 852 859 824 829
Nonagricultural industries.................. 59,211 58,277 58,935 59,045 58,460 58,436 58,346 58,277 58,759
Unemployed.................................... 2,329 3,229 3,209 2,261 2,967 3,033 3,276 2,954 3,116
Unemployment rate......................... 3.7 5.2 5.1 3.6 4.8 4.9 5.2 4.8 5.0
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population............. 16,113 16,310 16,293 16,113 16,195 16,252 16,275 16,310 16,293
Civilian labor force............................ 7,765 7,204 7,323 8,203 8,071 8,023 7,845 7,800 7,790
Participation rate........................ 48.2 44.2 44.9 50.9 49.8 49.4 48.2 47.8 47.8
Employed...................................... 6,655 5,964 6,101 7,099 6,827 6,761 6,574 6,548 6,575
Employment-population ratio............... 41.3 36.6 37.4 44.1 42.2 41.6 40.4 40.1 40.4
Agriculture................................. 94 149 141 152 229 220 246 241 233
Nonagricultural industries.................. 6,561 5,815 5,960 6,947 6,598 6,541 6,328 6,307 6,342
Unemployed.................................... 1,110 1,240 1,222 1,104 1,244 1,262 1,271 1,252 1,215
Unemployment rate......................... 14.3 17.2 16.7 13.5 15.4 15.7 16.2 16.1 15.6
1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted
and seasonally adjusted columns.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Employment status, race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
Feb. Jan. Feb. Feb. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.
2001 2002 2002 2001 2001 2001 2001 2002 2002
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 175,326 176,713 176,783 175,326 176,372 176,500 176,607 176,713 176,783
Civilian labor force............................ 117,883 117,569 118,412 118,143 118,506 118,566 118,403 117,759 118,472
Participation rate.......................... 67.2 66.5 67.0 67.4 67.2 67.2 67.0 66.6 67.0
Employed...................................... 113,029 110,796 111,880 113,779 112,878 112,652 112,388 111,876 112,632
Employment-population ratio................. 64.5 62.7 63.3 64.9 64.0 63.8 63.6 63.3 63.7
Unemployed.................................... 4,853 6,773 6,532 4,364 5,628 5,914 6,015 5,883 5,840
Unemployment rate........................... 4.1 5.8 5.5 3.7 4.7 5.0 5.1 5.0 4.9
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force............................ 60,335 60,511 60,788 60,444 60,957 60,900 60,875 60,473 60,714
Participation rate.......................... 76.7 76.3 76.6 76.9 77.0 76.9 76.8 76.3 76.5
Employed...................................... 57,975 57,024 57,472 58,545 58,287 58,044 58,051 57,658 58,053
Employment-population ratio................. 73.7 71.9 72.5 74.5 73.7 73.3 73.3 72.7 73.2
Unemployed.................................... 2,360 3,487 3,316 1,899 2,670 2,856 2,824 2,815 2,661
Unemployment rate........................... 3.9 5.8 5.5 3.1 4.4 4.7 4.6 4.7 4.4
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force............................ 51,019 50,941 51,487 50,753 50,762 50,850 50,869 50,698 51,199
Participation rate.......................... 60.7 60.2 60.9 60.4 60.1 60.2 60.2 59.9 60.5
Employed...................................... 49,303 48,610 49,185 49,069 48,695 48,712 48,591 48,562 48,941
Employment-population ratio................. 58.7 57.5 58.1 58.4 57.7 57.7 57.5 57.4 57.8
Unemployed.................................... 1,716 2,330 2,302 1,684 2,067 2,138 2,278 2,136 2,259
Unemployment rate........................... 3.4 4.6 4.5 3.3 4.1 4.2 4.5 4.2 4.4
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force............................ 6,529 6,117 6,137 6,946 6,787 6,816 6,659 6,588 6,558
Participation rate.......................... 51.4 47.5 47.7 54.7 52.9 53.1 51.8 51.2 51.0
Employed...................................... 5,752 5,162 5,223 6,165 5,896 5,896 5,746 5,656 5,639
Employment-population ratio................. 45.3 40.1 40.6 48.5 45.9 45.9 44.7 44.0 43.9
Unemployed.................................... 778 955 915 781 891 920 913 932 920
Unemployment rate........................... 11.9 15.6 14.9 11.2 13.1 13.5 13.7 14.2 14.0
Men....................................... 14.3 16.8 17.4 12.7 14.7 15.8 14.6 13.7 15.4
Women..................................... 9.4 14.5 12.4 9.6 11.5 11.1 12.8 14.6 12.6
BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 25,412 25,785 25,813 25,412 25,686 25,720 25,752 25,785 25,813
Civilian labor force............................ 16,511 16,623 16,637 16,660 16,748 16,687 16,833 16,769 16,747
Participation rate.......................... 65.0 64.5 64.5 65.6 65.2 64.9 65.4 65.0 64.9
Employed...................................... 15,192 14,906 14,933 15,407 15,144 15,040 15,122 15,119 15,131
Employment-population ratio................. 59.8 57.8 57.8 60.6 59.0 58.5 58.7 58.6 58.6
Unemployed.................................... 1,319 1,717 1,704 1,253 1,604 1,647 1,711 1,650 1,616
Unemployment rate........................... 8.0 10.3 10.2 7.5 9.6 9.9 10.2 9.8 9.6
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force............................ 7,317 7,520 7,452 7,336 7,354 7,385 7,490 7,546 7,444
Participation rate.......................... 71.8 72.7 71.9 72.0 71.4 71.6 72.5 72.9 71.8
Employed...................................... 6,770 6,776 6,730 6,847 6,751 6,739 6,811 6,872 6,798
Employment-population ratio................. 66.4 65.5 65.0 67.2 65.5 65.3 65.9 66.4 65.6
Unemployed.................................... 547 745 722 489 603 646 679 674 645
Unemployment rate........................... 7.5 9.9 9.7 6.7 8.2 8.7 9.1 8.9 8.7
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force............................ 8,305 8,316 8,328 8,348 8,450 8,371 8,456 8,329 8,361
Participation rate.......................... 65.1 64.3 64.3 65.4 65.6 64.9 65.4 64.4 64.5
Employed...................................... 7,799 7,582 7,599 7,858 7,734 7,669 7,720 7,628 7,653
Employment-population ratio................. 61.1 58.6 58.7 61.6 60.0 59.4 59.7 58.9 59.1
Unemployed.................................... 506 734 728 490 716 702 736 702 708
Unemployment rate........................... 6.1 8.8 8.7 5.9 8.5 8.4 8.7 8.4 8.5
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force............................ 889 787 857 976 944 931 887 894 943
Participation rate.......................... 36.1 31.5 34.3 39.7 37.9 37.3 35.5 35.8 37.8
Employed...................................... 623 548 603 702 659 632 591 619 680
Employment-population ratio................. 25.3 22.0 24.2 28.5 26.5 25.3 23.7 24.8 27.2
Unemployed.................................... 266 238 254 274 285 299 296 274 263
Unemployment rate........................... 29.9 30.3 29.6 28.1 30.2 32.1 33.4 30.7 27.9
Men....................................... 31.3 32.8 29.7 31.1 31.2 31.6 32.0 32.1 30.0
Women..................................... 28.6 27.2 29.5 25.1 29.1 32.6 34.8 29.0 25.6
HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 22,830 23,542 23,604 22,830 23,351 23,417 23,478 23,542 23,604
Civilian labor force............................ 15,662 15,926 16,044 15,652 15,956 15,932 16,013 15,988 16,011
Participation rate.......................... 68.6 67.6 68.0 68.6 68.3 68.0 68.2 67.9 67.8
Employed...................................... 14,629 14,553 14,823 14,682 14,824 14,751 14,753 14,700 14,867
Employment-population ratio................. 64.1 61.8 62.8 64.3 63.5 63.0 62.8 62.4 63.0
Unemployed.................................... 1,034 1,373 1,221 970 1,132 1,181 1,260 1,288 1,143
Unemployment rate........................... 6.6 8.6 7.6 6.2 7.1 7.4 7.9 8.1 7.1
1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted
and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races"
group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Educational attainment
Feb. Jan. Feb. Feb. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.
2001 2002 2002 2001 2001 2001 2001 2002 2002
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian noninstitutional population...... 27,191 28,078 27,420 27,191 27,325 27,504 27,815 28,078 27,420
Civilian labor force.................... 11,732 12,201 11,824 12,089 12,076 12,035 12,257 12,112 12,172
Percent of population............... 43.1 43.5 43.1 44.5 44.2 43.8 44.1 43.1 44.4
Employed.............................. 10,706 10,970 10,673 11,189 11,139 11,066 11,173 11,126 11,165
Employment-population ratio......... 39.4 39.1 38.9 41.1 40.8 40.2 40.2 39.6 40.7
Unemployed............................ 1,026 1,231 1,151 900 937 969 1,084 986 1,008
Unemployment rate................... 8.7 10.1 9.7 7.4 7.8 8.1 8.8 8.1 8.3
High school graduates, no college(2)
Civilian noninstitutional population...... 57,617 57,608 57,362 57,617 57,221 57,400 57,520 57,608 57,362
Civilian labor force.................... 37,238 37,128 37,134 37,224 36,912 36,719 36,856 36,675 37,023
Percent of population............... 64.6 64.4 64.7 64.6 64.5 64.0 64.1 63.7 64.5
Employed.............................. 35,644 34,838 34,903 35,831 35,199 34,882 35,051 34,768 35,078
Employment-population ratio......... 61.9 60.5 60.8 62.2 61.5 60.8 60.9 60.4 61.2
Unemployed............................ 1,594 2,290 2,231 1,393 1,713 1,837 1,805 1,907 1,945
Unemployment rate................... 4.3 6.2 6.0 3.7 4.6 5.0 4.9 5.2 5.3
Less than a bachelor's degree(3)
Civilian noninstitutional population...... 45,263 45,075 45,350 45,263 45,471 45,353 45,362 45,075 45,350
Civilian labor force.................... 33,414 33,126 33,277 33,063 33,373 33,420 33,521 33,516 32,884
Percent of population............... 73.8 73.5 73.4 73.0 73.4 73.7 73.9 74.4 72.5
Employed.............................. 32,423 31,604 31,780 32,165 32,057 32,018 32,087 32,117 31,527
Employment-population ratio......... 71.6 70.1 70.1 71.1 70.5 70.6 70.7 71.3 69.5
Unemployed............................ 991 1,523 1,498 898 1,316 1,402 1,434 1,398 1,356
Unemployment rate................... 3.0 4.6 4.5 2.7 3.9 4.2 4.3 4.2 4.1
College graduates
Civilian noninstitutional population...... 46,167 46,985 47,636 46,167 47,371 47,225 46,877 46,985 47,636
Civilian labor force.................... 36,683 37,140 37,949 36,506 37,157 37,324 37,101 37,106 37,773
Percent of population............... 79.5 79.0 79.7 79.1 78.4 79.0 79.1 79.0 79.3
Employed.............................. 36,104 36,013 36,865 35,926 36,153 36,223 35,960 36,013 36,681
Employment-population ratio......... 78.2 76.6 77.4 77.8 76.3 76.7 76.7 76.6 77.0
Unemployed............................ 579 1,127 1,084 580 1,004 1,101 1,141 1,093 1,092
Unemployment rate................... 1.6 3.0 2.9 1.6 2.7 2.9 3.1 2.9 2.9
1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation, therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted
and seasonally adjusted columns.
2 Includes high school diploma or equivalent.
3 Includes the categories, some college, no degree; and associate degree.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Selected employment indicators
(In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Category
Feb. Jan. Feb. Feb. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.
2001 2002 2002 2001 2001 2001 2001 2002 2002
CHARACTERISTIC
Total employed, 16 years and over................. 134,774 132,139 133,349 135,734 134,615 134,253 134,055 133,468 134,319
Married men, spouse present..................... 43,080 42,566 42,972 43,372 42,983 42,861 42,772 42,823 43,275
Married women, spouse present................... 34,059 33,440 33,838 33,959 33,227 33,330 33,209 33,174 33,703
Women who maintain families..................... 8,348 8,313 8,375 8,380 8,256 8,331 8,458 8,396 8,417
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty........... 41,701 41,564 41,969 41,706 41,940 41,925 41,890 41,668 41,966
Technical, sales, and administrative support.... 39,781 38,480 38,616 39,632 38,626 38,546 38,573 38,557 38,424
Service occupations............................. 18,301 18,238 18,650 18,269 18,406 18,456 18,532 18,553 18,612
Precision production, craft, and repair......... 14,746 14,144 14,091 14,993 14,802 14,637 14,507 14,432 14,335
Operators, fabricators, and laborers............ 17,439 16,719 17,146 17,956 17,596 17,311 17,179 17,032 17,668
Farming, forestry, and fishing.................. 2,806 2,996 2,877 3,258 3,264 3,267 3,371 3,467 3,334
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers....................... 1,587 1,674 1,660 1,843 1,898 1,865 1,879 1,917 1,930
Self-employed workers......................... 1,187 1,186 1,203 1,281 1,290 1,276 1,313 1,311 1,293
Unpaid family workers......................... 20 35 14 29 26 12 27 49 21
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers....................... 123,439 121,022 122,315 123,916 122,710 122,507 122,196 122,145 122,770
Government.................................. 19,523 19,238 19,749 19,073 19,223 19,172 19,183 19,047 19,286
Private industries.......................... 103,916 101,784 102,567 104,843 103,487 103,335 103,013 103,098 103,485
Private households........................ 830 690 708 833 867 790 736 725 709
Other industries.......................... 103,087 101,094 101,858 104,010 102,620 102,545 102,277 102,373 102,775
Self-employed workers......................... 8,393 8,114 8,059 8,608 8,505 8,507 8,524 8,213 8,257
Unpaid family workers......................... 147 107 97 130 95 77 92 97 86
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons................ 3,424 4,470 4,414 3,277 4,329 4,206 4,267 3,973 4,228
Slack work or business conditions........... 2,209 3,072 2,968 2,049 2,983 2,796 2,809 2,549 2,755
Could only find part-time work.............. 947 1,047 1,148 925 1,108 1,121 1,161 1,089 1,120
Part time for noneconomic reasons............. 20,010 18,566 19,407 18,974 18,644 18,587 18,540 18,291 18,395
Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons................ 3,291 4,249 4,190 3,137 4,222 4,017 4,119 3,781 3,998
Slack work or business conditions........... 2,129 2,955 2,821 1,970 2,898 2,679 2,717 2,448 2,615
Could only find part-time work.............. 932 1,023 1,124 904 1,082 1,096 1,138 1,068 1,089
Part time for noneconomic reasons............. 19,583 18,071 18,888 18,560 18,065 18,007 17,960 17,717 17,886
NOTE: Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs during the entire reference week for
reasons such as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually
work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad
weather.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons Unemployment rates(1)
(in thousands)
Category
Feb. Jan. Feb. Feb. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.
2001 2002 2002 2001 2001 2001 2001 2002 2002
CHARACTERISTIC
Total, 16 years and over......................... 5,888 7,922 7,891 4.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 5.6 5.5
Men, 20 years and over......................... 2,523 3,716 3,560 3.5 4.8 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.0
Women, 20 years and over....................... 2,261 2,954 3,116 3.6 4.8 4.9 5.2 4.8 5.0
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years..................... 1,104 1,252 1,215 13.5 15.4 15.7 16.2 16.1 15.6
Married men, spouse present.................... 1,017 1,544 1,513 2.3 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.4
Married women, spouse present.................. 916 1,173 1,330 2.6 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.4 3.8
Women who maintain families.................... 534 719 728 6.0 6.8 8.0 8.0 7.9 8.0
Full-time workers.............................. 4,728 6,671 6,738 4.0 5.4 5.6 5.8 5.7 5.7
Part-time workers.............................. 1,179 1,240 1,179 4.8 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.2 4.8
OCCUPATION(2)
Managerial and professional specialty.......... 768 1,244 1,347 1.8 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.1
Technical, sales, and administrative support... 1,453 2,005 2,040 3.5 4.7 5.1 5.2 4.9 5.0
Precision production, craft, and repair........ 587 965 827 3.8 5.6 5.8 5.8 6.3 5.5
Operators, fabricators, and laborers........... 1,384 1,790 1,690 7.2 8.5 9.1 9.2 9.5 8.7
Farming, forestry, and fishing................. 247 298 256 7.0 6.4 6.8 7.3 7.9 7.1
INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers 4,817 6,505 6,553 4.4 5.8 6.0 6.2 5.9 6.0
Goods-producing industries................... 1,462 2,055 1,952 5.1 6.7 7.1 7.4 7.4 7.1
Mining..................................... 26 29 23 4.5 5.8 5.3 6.1 5.9 4.5
Construction............................... 546 790 651 6.8 8.3 8.9 8.9 9.4 7.9
Manufacturing.............................. 890 1,236 1,278 4.5 6.0 6.4 6.8 6.6 6.7
Durable goods............................ 500 798 870 4.1 6.5 6.9 7.2 7.0 7.5
Nondurable goods......................... 390 438 408 4.9 5.3 5.5 6.1 5.9 5.5
Service-producing industries................. 3,355 4,450 4,601 4.1 5.5 5.6 5.8 5.4 5.6
Transportation and public utilities........ 236 500 471 3.0 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.2 5.8
Wholesale and retail trade................. 1,401 1,730 1,794 5.1 6.1 6.4 7.1 6.3 6.5
Finance, insurance, and real estate........ 203 184 234 2.4 2.8 3.5 3.0 2.2 2.8
Services................................... 1,515 2,037 2,103 4.1 5.5 5.4 5.5 5.4 5.5
Government workers............................. 313 440 536 1.6 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.7
Agricultural wage and salary workers........... 187 219 202 9.2 9.0 9.3 9.6 10.3 9.5
1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
2 Seasonally adjusted unemployment data for service occupations are not available because the seasonal component, which
is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Duration of unemployment
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Duration
Feb. Jan. Feb. Feb. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.
2001 2002 2002 2001 2001 2001 2001 2002 2002
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks................................ 2,732 3,466 2,820 2,749 3,084 3,090 3,024 2,978 2,828
5 to 14 weeks.................................... 2,115 2,795 3,060 1,737 2,522 2,573 2,724 2,586 2,515
15 weeks and over................................ 1,617 2,673 2,827 1,466 2,042 2,317 2,410 2,546 2,561
15 to 26 weeks................................ 891 1,430 1,585 778 1,136 1,207 1,295 1,418 1,383
27 weeks and over............................. 726 1,244 1,242 688 906 1,110 1,115 1,127 1,178
Average (mean) duration, in weeks................ 12.8 14.2 15.1 12.8 13.0 14.4 14.5 14.6 15.0
Median duration, in weeks........................ 6.6 8.1 9.0 6.0 7.4 7.6 8.2 8.8 8.1
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Less than 5 weeks.............................. 42.3 38.8 32.4 46.2 40.3 38.7 37.1 36.7 35.8
5 to 14 weeks.................................. 32.7 31.3 35.1 29.2 33.0 32.2 33.4 31.9 31.8
15 weeks and over.............................. 25.0 29.9 32.5 24.6 26.7 29.0 29.5 31.4 32.4
15 to 26 weeks............................... 13.8 16.0 18.2 13.1 14.9 15.1 15.9 17.5 17.5
27 weeks and over............................ 11.2 13.9 14.3 11.6 11.8 13.9 13.7 13.9 14.9
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Reason for unemployment
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Reason
Feb. Jan. Feb. Feb. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.
2001 2002 2002 2001 2001 2001 2001 2002 2002
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary
jobs........................................... 3,309 5,365 5,014 2,856 4,297 4,501 4,492 4,354 4,326
On temporary layoff............................. 1,286 1,753 1,499 950 1,288 1,157 1,107 1,124 1,106
Not on temporary layoff......................... 2,023 3,611 3,515 1,906 3,009 3,344 3,385 3,231 3,220
Permanent job losers.......................... 1,451 2,764 2,677 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Persons who completed temporary jobs.......... 572 848 838 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Job leavers....................................... 830 884 891 815 880 848 908 879 877
Reentrants........................................ 1,998 2,270 2,383 1,900 2,113 2,197 2,361 2,191 2,268
New entrants...................................... 327 417 420 387 466 497 495 479 485
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed.................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Job losers and persons who completed temporary
jobs........................................... 51.2 60.0 57.6 47.9 55.4 56.0 54.4 55.1 54.4
On temporary layoff............................ 19.9 19.6 17.2 15.9 16.6 14.4 13.4 14.2 13.9
Not on temporary layoff........................ 31.3 40.4 40.4 32.0 38.8 41.6 41.0 40.9 40.5
Job leavers...................................... 12.8 9.9 10.2 13.7 11.3 10.5 11.0 11.1 11.0
Reentrants....................................... 30.9 25.4 27.4 31.9 27.2 27.3 28.6 27.7 28.5
New entrants..................................... 5.1 4.7 4.8 6.5 6.0 6.2 6.0 6.1 6.1
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary
jobs........................................... 2.3 3.8 3.5 2.0 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.0
Job leavers...................................... .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6
Reentrants....................................... 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.5 1.6
New entrants..................................... .2 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3
1 Not available.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Range of alternative measures of labor underutilization
(Percent)
Not seasonally Seasonally adjusted
adjusted
Measure
Feb. Jan. Feb. Feb. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.
2001 2002 2002 2001 2001 2001 2001 2002 2002
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of
the civilian labor force................................ 1.1 1.9 2.0 1.0 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.8
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as
a percent of the civilian labor force................... 2.3 3.8 3.5 2.0 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.0
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor
force (official unemployment rate)...................... 4.6 6.3 6.1 4.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 5.6 5.5
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent
of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers.... 4.8 6.5 6.4 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all
other marginally attached workers, as a percent of the
civilian labor force plus all marginally
attached workers........................................ 5.5 7.3 7.1 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers,
plus total employed part time for economic reasons,
as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all
marginally attached workers............................. 7.9 10.5 10.1 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
1 Not available.
NOTE: This range of alternative measures of labor underutilization replaces the U1-U7 range published in table A-7 of
this release prior to 1994. Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither working nor looking for work
but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged
workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for a job.
Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to
settle for a part-time schedule. For further information, see "BLS introduces new range of alternative unemployment
measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly Labor Review.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons Unemployment rates(1)
(in thousands)
Age and sex
Feb. Jan. Feb. Feb. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.
2001 2002 2002 2001 2001 2001 2001 2002 2002
Total, 16 years and over.......................... 5,888 7,922 7,891 4.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 5.6 5.5
16 to 24 years.................................. 2,160 2,653 2,602 9.5 11.5 11.7 11.9 11.9 11.6
16 to 19 years................................ 1,104 1,252 1,215 13.5 15.4 15.7 16.2 16.1 15.6
16 to 17 years.............................. 543 487 478 16.9 17.4 17.5 18.8 17.0 16.5
18 to 19 years.............................. 549 749 718 11.0 14.2 14.8 14.8 15.2 14.7
20 to 24 years................................ 1,056 1,401 1,387 7.3 9.3 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.5
25 years and over............................... 3,788 5,268 5,383 3.2 4.2 4.4 4.5 4.4 4.5
25 to 54 years................................ 3,253 4,655 4,590 3.2 4.4 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.6
55 years and over............................. 517 675 758 2.8 3.4 3.5 4.0 3.5 3.8
Men, 16 years and over.......................... 3,154 4,356 4,228 4.2 5.5 5.9 5.8 5.8 5.6
16 to 24 years................................ 1,251 1,439 1,439 10.6 12.4 13.0 12.8 12.5 12.4
16 to 19 years.............................. 631 640 668 15.0 17.2 17.7 17.2 16.3 16.8
16 to 17 years............................ 301 249 277 18.4 20.3 20.4 20.0 17.6 19.6
18 to 19 years............................ 338 383 397 12.9 15.1 16.2 15.6 15.1 15.4
20 to 24 years.............................. 620 799 771 8.1 9.8 10.5 10.5 10.6 10.2
25 years and over............................. 1,934 2,908 2,837 3.0 4.2 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.4
25 to 54 years.............................. 1,642 2,532 2,392 3.1 4.3 4.6 4.5 4.7 4.5
55 years and over........................... 290 408 438 2.8 3.7 4.1 4.2 3.8 4.1
Women, 16 years and over........................ 2,734 3,566 3,663 4.1 5.3 5.4 5.8 5.4 5.5
16 to 24 years................................ 909 1,214 1,163 8.3 10.5 10.3 11.0 11.3 10.7
16 to 19 years.............................. 473 612 547 11.9 13.6 13.7 15.1 15.8 14.3
16 to 17 years............................ 242 238 202 15.3 14.5 14.5 17.6 16.4 13.6
18 to 19 years............................ 211 365 321 8.8 13.3 13.3 14.0 15.2 13.9
20 to 24 years.............................. 436 601 615 6.3 8.7 8.3 8.7 8.7 8.7
25 years and over............................. 1,854 2,360 2,547 3.4 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.3 4.6
25 to 54 years.............................. 1,611 2,123 2,197 3.4 4.4 4.7 4.8 4.6 4.7
55 years and over........................... 227 267 320 2.7 3.2 2.8 3.7 3.0 3.5
1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Total Men Women
Category
Feb. Feb. Feb. Feb. Feb. Feb.
2001 2002 2001 2002 2001 2002
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force...................................... 69,788 71,149 26,310 27,043 43,478 44,106
Persons who currently want a job................................ 4,500 4,436 1,871 1,963 2,629 2,472
Searched for work and available to work now(1)............... 1,339 1,410 613 720 727 689
Reason not currently looking:
Discouragement over job prospects(2).................... 289 371 186 224 103 147
Reasons other than discouragement(3).................... 1,050 1,039 427 496 623 543
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders(4)...................................... 7,592 7,398 3,989 3,689 3,603 3,708
Percent of total employed..................................... 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.2 5.7 5.9
Primary job full time, secondary job part time................ 4,258 4,070 2,496 2,257 1,762 1,813
Primary and secondary jobs both part time..................... 1,627 1,633 459 493 1,168 1,141
Primary and secondary jobs both full time..................... 304 255 210 166 94 89
Hours vary on primary or secondary job........................ 1,360 1,384 792 747 568 637
1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and were available to take a job during the
reference week.
2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and
other types of discrimination.
3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as child-care and transportation
problems, as well as a small number for which reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry
(In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Industry
Feb. Dec. Jan. Feb. Feb. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.
2001 2001 2002p 2002p 2001 2001 2001 2001 2002p 2002p
Total......................... 131,102 132,143 129,217 129,839 132,595 131,782 131,427 131,321 131,195 131,261
Total private.................... 110,086 110,756 108,239 108,426 111,915 110,784 110,421 110,260 110,132 110,178
Goods-producing......................... 25,034 24,375 23,748 23,672 25,627 24,746 24,577 24,453 24,278 24,247
Mining................................ 542 563 549 543 555 569 567 564 562 556
Metal mining........................ 38.1 32.8 30.5 30.4 39 35 34 33 31 31
Coal mining......................... 75.3 82.9 81.9 80.5 75 81 81 82 82 81
Oil and gas extraction.............. 323.2 337.2 333.1 327.8 328 340 339 336 337 333
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels.. 104.9 110.4 103.5 103.8 113 113 113 113 112 111
Construction.......................... 6,393 6,739 6,356 6,330 6,880 6,852 6,851 6,850 6,787 6,812
General building contractors........ 1,478.6 1,549.2 1,479.0 1,470.2 1,555 1,560 1,561 1,559 1,550 1,549
Heavy construction, except building. 796.0 895.0 803.6 805.6 930 933 942 944 928 940
Special trade contractors........... 4,118.8 4,294.4 4,073.2 4,054.2 4,395 4,359 4,348 4,347 4,309 4,323
Manufacturing......................... 18,099 17,073 16,843 16,799 18,192 17,325 17,159 17,039 16,929 16,879
Production workers................ 12,242 11,428 11,249 11,229 12,323 11,626 11,500 11,405 11,325 11,299
Durable goods........................ 10,962 10,180 10,022 9,997 10,997 10,363 10,240 10,158 10,053 10,027
Production workers................ 7,382 6,761 6,636 6,630 7,415 6,897 6,805 6,744 6,670 6,656
Lumber and wood products............ 783.4 778.5 767.3 766.5 799 789 784 780 781 784
Furniture and fixtures.............. 546.4 499.5 496.1 499.4 549 505 499 499 498 502
Stone, clay, and glass products..... 562.9 554.8 539.8 536.3 578 566 562 559 554 550
Primary metal industries............ 681.7 615.5 602.0 600.5 679 633 619 613 601 597
Blast furnaces and basic steel
products....................... 216.7 201.1 190.6 189.7 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Fabricated metal products........... 1,511.4 1,433.5 1,414.6 1,411.6 1,514 1,454 1,435 1,428 1,416 1,415
Industrial machinery and equipment.. 2,108.9 1,895.6 1,874.8 1,861.0 2,105 1,943 1,917 1,892 1,870 1,856
Computer and office equipment..... 370.5 334.8 330.0 327.2 370 342 339 335 327 326
Electronic and other electrical
equipment........................ 1,729.0 1,480.4 1,461.5 1,444.8 1,726 1,529 1,499 1,474 1,459 1,437
Electronic components and
accessories.................... 710.1 584.6 574.7 566.5 711 601 591 583 572 563
Transportation equipment............ 1,781.2 1,705.3 1,656.9 1,670.6 1,786 1,714 1,706 1,696 1,660 1,676
Motor vehicles and equipment...... 963.7 909.6 877.6 900.4 967 903 903 901 878 904
Aircraft and parts................ 463.4 453.7 440.0 431.8 464 463 456 452 440 432
Instruments and related products.... 869.9 837.7 835.1 831.0 871 849 843 839 836 832
Miscellaneous manufacturing......... 386.8 378.7 373.9 375.2 390 381 376 378 378 378
Nondurable goods..................... 7,137 6,893 6,821 6,802 7,195 6,962 6,919 6,881 6,876 6,852
Production workers................ 4,860 4,667 4,613 4,599 4,908 4,729 4,695 4,661 4,655 4,643
Food and kindred products........... 1,653.6 1,679.7 1,658.8 1,655.8 1,686 1,689 1,691 1,682 1,685 1,686
Tobacco products.................... 32.3 34.2 34.0 33.6 31 33 33 32 33 33
Textile mill products............... 490.7 443.2 436.5 435.2 496 454 446 442 440 439
Apparel and other textile products.. 588.4 529.3 523.9 525.7 595 542 533 531 535 531
Paper and allied products........... 642.1 626.3 623.6 620.7 645 628 627 624 624 623
Printing and publishing............. 1,524.6 1,453.9 1,431.7 1,419.3 1,529 1,465 1,452 1,444 1,435 1,422
Chemicals and allied products....... 1,037.4 1,020.0 1,015.1 1,016.5 1,039 1,027 1,024 1,021 1,018 1,018
Petroleum and coal products......... 122.9 125.8 122.9 122.8 127 128 127 127 128 127
Rubber and misc. plastics products.. 977.4 922.7 917.3 914.0 979 935 927 920 919 915
Leather and leather products........ 67.4 58.0 57.6 57.9 68 61 59 58 59 58
Service-producing....................... 106,068 107,768 105,469 106,167 106,968 107,036 106,850 106,868 106,917 107,014
Transportation and public utilities... 7,045 6,973 6,840 6,831 7,123 7,016 6,952 6,915 6,897 6,901
Transportation...................... 4,520 4,444 4,325 4,321 4,591 4,472 4,414 4,387 4,376 4,384
Railroad transportation........... 227.7 226.2 223.1 223.2 231 225 224 227 226 226
Local and interurban passenger
transit........................ 490.6 500.0 494.6 499.3 480 479 480 485 486 489
Trucking and warehousing.......... 1,828.0 1,834.5 1,795.1 1,785.2 1,870 1,832 1,830 1,832 1,829 1,824
Water transportation.............. 189.7 199.7 192.4 195.4 200 206 204 206 203 206
Transportation by air............. 1,296.4 1,235.7 1,177.4 1,173.3 1,318 1,264 1,221 1,189 1,187 1,192
Pipelines, except natural gas..... 13.5 14.2 13.8 13.8 14 14 14 14 14 14
Transportation services........... 474.4 434.1 428.1 430.7 478 452 441 434 431 433
Communications and public utilities. 2,525 2,529 2,515 2,510 2,532 2,544 2,538 2,528 2,521 2,517
Communications.................... 1,682.0 1,684.5 1,669.1 1,668.4 1,685 1,695 1,689 1,683 1,673 1,671
Electric, gas, and sanitary
services....................... 843.4 844.9 845.6 842.0 847 849 849 845 848 846
Wholesale trade....................... 7,015 6,951 6,882 6,872 7,064 6,971 6,941 6,938 6,934 6,919
Durable goods....................... 4,181 4,090 4,057 4,051 4,198 4,114 4,087 4,086 4,077 4,067
Nondurable goods.................... 2,834 2,861 2,825 2,821 2,866 2,857 2,854 2,852 2,857 2,852
Retail trade.......................... 22,941 24,029 23,048 22,925 23,472 23,422 23,424 23,365 23,406 23,464
Building materials and garden
supplies......................... 951.1 998.8 969.0 970.6 1,007 1,012 1,010 1,013 1,021 1,028
General merchandise stores.......... 2,710.9 3,058.1 2,760.9 2,692.2 2,807 2,764 2,778 2,755 2,720 2,797
Department stores................. 2,378.9 2,674.8 2,410.9 2,350.1 2,462 2,422 2,420 2,410 2,378 2,437
Food stores......................... 3,513.2 3,585.1 3,504.0 3,476.1 3,548 3,542 3,539 3,525 3,522 3,508
Automotive dealers and service
stations......................... 2,393.3 2,416.8 2,400.8 2,400.3 2,424 2,429 2,430 2,428 2,432 2,430
New and used car dealers.......... 1,117.8 1,137.0 1,136.8 1,141.3 1,124 1,134 1,137 1,141 1,145 1,148
Apparel and accessory stores........ 1,184.1 1,296.1 1,226.4 1,175.6 1,227 1,208 1,203 1,192 1,222 1,216
Furniture and home furnishings
stores........................... 1,136.3 1,191.4 1,147.4 1,132.7 1,146 1,136 1,136 1,143 1,139 1,141
Eating and drinking places.......... 7,939.1 8,170.8 7,892.6 7,958.6 8,171 8,187 8,198 8,209 8,211 8,198
Miscellaneous retail establishments. 3,112.8 3,311.4 3,147.1 3,118.5 3,142 3,144 3,130 3,100 3,139 3,146
Finance, insurance, and real estate... 7,552 7,614 7,582 7,574 7,609 7,634 7,638 7,632 7,636 7,626
Finance............................. 3,737 3,775 3,766 3,757 3,748 3,761 3,772 3,774 3,777 3,766
Depository institutions........... 2,019.7 2,045.1 2,043.3 2,038.6 2,025 2,041 2,045 2,044 2,046 2,044
Commercial banks................ 1,413.4 1,428.9 1,426.5 1,422.6 1,417 1,427 1,428 1,427 1,429 1,428
Savings institutions............ 253.2 259.6 261.3 260.7 254 257 259 260 262 261
Nondepository institutions........ 681.8 728.7 727.8 728.8 683 712 717 728 731 730
Mortgage bankers and brokers.... 302.3 341.6 344.0 346.3 304 326 333 342 346 348
Security and commodity brokers.... 776.4 743.5 738.1 733.1 781 750 751 744 741 736
Holding and other investment
offices........................ 258.6 258.0 256.5 256.4 259 258 259 258 259 256
Insurance........................... 2,345 2,353 2,346 2,343 2,351 2,361 2,356 2,352 2,352 2,348
Insurance carriers................ 1,588.9 1,594.1 1,590.9 1,586.9 1,592 1,602 1,597 1,594 1,595 1,590
Insurance agents, brokers, and
service........................ 756.4 759.0 755.2 755.6 759 759 759 758 757 758
Real estate......................... 1,470 1,486 1,470 1,474 1,510 1,512 1,510 1,506 1,507 1,512
Services2............................. 40,499 40,814 40,139 40,552 41,020 40,995 40,889 40,957 40,981 41,021
Agricultural services............... 700.3 779.9 721.2 716.8 821 841 840 846 843 841
Hotels and other lodging places..... 1,848.3 1,766.4 1,742.4 1,758.0 1,957 1,862 1,852 1,845 1,849 1,855
Personal services................... 1,338.4 1,278.4 1,344.1 1,357.3 1,261 1,281 1,271 1,294 1,294 1,281
Business services................... 9,643.2 9,426.7 9,116.0 9,135.5 9,851 9,467 9,356 9,346 9,316 9,307
Services to buildings............. 997.2 985.4 972.4 968.3 1,007 995 996 992 984 978
Personnel supply services......... 3,555.5 3,325.7 3,076.0 3,085.8 3,731 3,378 3,282 3,252 3,234 3,238
Help supply services............ 3,160.3 2,959.2 2,736.5 2,749.7 3,339 3,005 2,913 2,894 2,878 2,892
Computer and data processing
services....................... 2,188.7 2,191.9 2,187.3 2,196.7 2,186 2,201 2,189 2,189 2,188 2,193
Auto repair, services, and parking.. 1,286.4 1,296.8 1,296.7 1,305.8 1,291 1,298 1,305 1,304 1,308 1,310
Miscellaneous repair services....... 360.0 358.8 354.7 357.5 365 362 360 359 359 362
Motion pictures..................... 596.4 581.7 581.7 580.6 600 582 584 580 589 583
Amusement and recreation services... 1,554.3 1,590.0 1,528.8 1,560.6 1,772 1,781 1,762 1,777 1,771 1,775
Health services..................... 10213.5 10496.3 10478.0 10512.0 10,236 10,431 10,458 10,483 10,501 10,535
Offices and clinics of medical
doctors........................ 1,953.2 2,006.0 2,004.3 2,014.3 1,958 1,993 2,000 2,002 2,007 2,020
Nursing and personal care
facilities..................... 1,803.8 1,844.8 1,841.2 1,839.7 1,808 1,834 1,837 1,842 1,846 1,844
Hospitals......................... 4,040.6 4,161.2 4,163.2 4,172.3 4,045 4,135 4,149 4,158 4,166 4,176
Home health care services......... 640.9 661.5 654.4 658.0 645 655 657 659 661 662
Legal services...................... 1,014.0 1,031.5 1,024.9 1,025.1 1,020 1,030 1,030 1,031 1,030 1,031
Educational services................ 2,502.6 2,585.7 2,392.1 2,615.3 2,375 2,436 2,439 2,457 2,471 2,484
Social services..................... 3,001.2 3,119.3 3,103.0 3,123.9 2,997 3,096 3,100 3,105 3,121 3,121
Child day care services........... 750.2 771.1 762.2 767.6 734 757 755 757 755 753
Residential care.................. 826.2 853.3 855.0 858.4 829 854 855 853 860 862
Museums and botanical and zoological
gardens........................... 100.5 107.6 101.0 101.4 110 112 110 110 110 110
Membership organizations............ 2,466.7 2,495.3 2,468.9 2,482.0 2,487 2,505 2,505 2,506 2,504 2,502
Engineering and management services. 3,500.7 3,527.5 3,514.6 3,548.5 3,504 3,538 3,543 3,541 3,543 3,552
Engineering and architectural
services....................... 1,038.0 1,058.7 1,053.8 1,051.4 1,050 1,069 1,065 1,063 1,064 1,063
Management and public relations... 1,114.6 1,125.3 1,120.9 1,122.5 1,123 1,124 1,127 1,125 1,134 1,130
Services, nec....................... 50.6 50.5 49.7 49.8 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Government............................ 21,016 21,387 20,978 21,413 20,680 20,998 21,006 21,061 21,063 21,083
Federal............................. 2,605 2,600 2,589 2,591 2,615 2,625 2,607 2,615 2,608 2,602
Federal, except Postal Service.... 1,747.9 1,757.7 1,758.0 1,767.0 1,756 1,779 1,777 1,775 1,776 1,776
State............................... 4,928 5,022 4,836 5,039 4,825 4,919 4,916 4,928 4,928 4,937
Education......................... 2,171.7 2,232.9 2,051.2 2,244.8 2,048 2,107 2,109 2,112 2,115 2,121
Other State government............ 2,756.2 2,789.4 2,784.3 2,793.8 2,777 2,812 2,807 2,816 2,813 2,816
Local............................... 13,483 13,765 13,553 13,783 13,240 13,454 13,483 13,518 13,527 13,544
Education......................... 7,847.5 7,987.8 7,804.9 8,020.9 7,479 7,607 7,630 7,642 7,641 7,653
Other local government............ 5,635.5 5,777.6 5,748.0 5,762.3 5,761 5,847 5,853 5,876 5,886 5,891
1 These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the
trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
2 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Industry
Feb. Dec. Jan. Feb. Feb. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.
2001 2001 2002p 2002p 2001 2001 2001 2001 2002p 2002p
Total private.................... 34.0 34.4 33.6 33.9 34.3 34.0 34.1 34.1 34.1 34.1
Goods-producing......................... 39.8 40.4 39.9 39.9 40.3 40.0 40.0 40.1 40.4 40.4
Mining................................ 42.7 43.3 42.3 43.0 43.2 43.1 43.2 43.3 43.0 43.6
Construction.......................... 37.6 38.3 38.6 38.5 38.7 38.7 39.2 38.8 39.8 39.6
Manufacturing......................... 40.5 41.3 40.4 40.3 40.9 40.5 40.3 40.6 40.6 40.7
Overtime hours.................... 3.8 4.1 3.7 3.7 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.9
Durable goods........................ 40.8 41.6 40.8 40.7 41.1 40.7 40.4 40.8 40.9 41.0
Overtime hours.................... 3.8 4.1 3.7 3.7 3.9 3.7 3.6 3.8 3.9 3.9
Lumber and wood products............ 39.2 40.7 39.8 39.5 40.1 40.6 40.5 40.8 40.3 40.4
Furniture and fixtures.............. 38.4 39.8 39.8 39.6 39.1 38.3 38.4 38.8 40.0 40.4
Stone, clay, and glass products..... 41.6 43.5 43.2 43.1 42.8 43.9 43.8 43.5 44.3 44.5
Primary metal industries............ 43.2 44.4 43.3 43.2 43.2 43.2 42.6 43.8 43.2 43.4
Blast furnaces and basic steel
products....................... 44.0 43.8 43.2 43.1 44.4 44.0 43.3 43.8 43.1 43.5
Fabricated metal products........... 41.4 42.1 41.1 41.3 41.7 41.0 40.7 41.2 41.2 41.6
Industrial machinery and equipment.. 41.2 41.1 40.4 40.3 41.0 40.4 39.9 40.2 40.2 40.0
Electronic and other electrical
equipment........................ 40.0 40.2 38.6 38.7 40.3 39.0 38.8 39.3 38.6 38.9
Transportation equipment............ 41.5 42.7 42.4 42.2 42.0 41.3 41.3 41.7 42.8 42.5
Motor vehicles and equipment...... 41.6 44.0 43.7 43.6 42.0 41.9 42.2 43.0 44.5 43.9
Instruments and related products.... 41.5 41.2 40.5 40.5 41.1 40.7 40.3 40.5 40.4 40.2
Miscellaneous manufacturing......... 37.9 38.1 37.1 37.7 38.2 37.5 37.1 37.7 37.5 38.0
Nondurable goods..................... 40.1 40.8 39.9 39.8 40.4 40.2 40.0 40.2 40.1 40.1
Overtime hours.................... 3.8 4.2 3.8 3.8 4.0 4.1 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.0
Food and kindred products........... 40.3 41.5 40.7 39.8 41.1 41.1 40.8 40.8 41.0 40.6
Tobacco products.................... 38.7 41.3 40.2 40.3 39.8 40.2 39.8 40.6 41.6 41.5
Textile mill products............... 39.9 40.5 39.7 40.4 40.4 39.7 39.5 40.0 39.7 40.9
Apparel and other textile products.. 37.7 37.8 36.4 37.2 37.6 36.8 36.9 37.4 36.8 37.1
Paper and allied products........... 41.3 42.3 41.4 41.0 41.7 41.5 41.3 41.5 41.2 41.4
Printing and publishing............. 38.1 38.3 37.4 37.4 38.4 38.0 37.8 37.8 37.6 37.6
Chemicals and allied products....... 42.3 42.4 41.9 41.6 42.3 42.3 42.1 41.8 42.0 41.7
Petroleum and coal products......... 43.1 41.5 41.4 40.1 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Rubber and misc. plastics products.. 40.8 42.0 40.8 40.9 40.9 40.5 40.7 41.2 40.8 41.1
Leather and leather products........ 36.1 37.5 37.2 37.6 36.4 36.0 36.6 37.4 37.6 38.0
Service-producing....................... 32.6 33.0 32.2 32.5 32.8 32.6 32.6 32.7 32.6 32.7
Transportation and public utilities... 38.2 38.3 37.4 37.5 38.5 37.8 37.8 38.0 37.8 37.7
Wholesale trade....................... 37.8 38.6 37.9 38.1 38.1 38.1 38.2 38.3 38.2 38.4
Retail trade.......................... 28.4 29.2 28.0 28.5 28.9 28.7 28.8 28.9 28.8 29.0
Finance, insurance, and real estate... 36.3 36.7 35.9 36.3 36.3 36.0 36.2 36.1 36.1 36.3
Services.............................. 32.6 32.9 32.2 32.4 32.7 32.5 32.6 32.7 32.5 32.5
1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real
estate; and services. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private nonfarm
payrolls.
2 This series is not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the
trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by
industry
Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Industry
Feb. Dec. Jan. Feb. Feb. Dec. Jan. Feb.
2001 2001 2002p 2002p 2001 2001 2002p 2002p
Total private.................... $14.16 $14.63 $14.68 $14.68 $481.44 $503.27 $493.25 $497.65
Seasonally adjusted............. 14.11 14.58 14.61 14.63 483.97 497.18 498.20 498.88
Goods-producing......................... 15.62 16.25 16.17 16.16 621.68 656.50 645.18 644.78
Mining................................ 17.61 17.93 17.93 17.85 751.95 776.37 758.44 767.55
Construction.......................... 18.16 18.64 18.48 18.47 682.82 713.91 713.33 711.10
Manufacturing......................... 14.61 15.18 15.16 15.15 591.71 626.93 612.46 610.55
Durable goods........................ 15.03 15.68 15.64 15.62 613.22 652.29 638.11 635.73
Lumber and wood products............ 12.08 12.40 12.38 12.26 473.54 504.68 492.72 484.27
Furniture and fixtures.............. 12.03 12.57 12.60 12.57 461.95 500.29 501.48 497.77
Stone, clay, and glass products..... 14.68 15.22 15.30 15.29 610.69 662.07 660.96 659.00
Primary metal industries............ 16.58 17.30 17.25 17.29 716.26 768.12 746.93 746.93
Blast furnaces and basic steel
products....................... 20.05 20.63 20.60 20.69 882.20 903.59 889.92 891.74
Fabricated metal products........... 14.03 14.60 14.56 14.51 580.84 614.66 598.42 599.26
Industrial machinery and equipment.. 15.74 16.33 16.33 16.25 648.49 671.16 659.73 654.88
Electronic and other electrical
equipment........................ 14.16 14.98 14.90 14.89 566.40 602.20 575.14 576.24
Transportation equipment............ 18.68 19.66 19.56 19.62 775.22 839.48 829.34 827.96
Motor vehicles and equipment...... 18.91 20.20 20.05 20.03 786.66 888.80 876.19 873.31
Instruments and related products.... 14.60 15.14 15.18 15.15 605.90 623.77 614.79 613.58
Miscellaneous manufacturing......... 11.98 12.64 12.62 12.45 454.04 481.58 468.20 469.37
Nondurable goods..................... 13.97 14.45 14.46 14.46 560.20 589.56 576.95 575.51
Food and kindred products........... 12.65 13.22 13.14 13.09 509.80 548.63 534.80 520.98
Tobacco products.................... 21.49 22.26 21.84 22.13 831.66 919.34 877.97 891.84
Textile mill products............... 11.27 11.50 11.64 11.63 449.67 465.75 462.11 469.85
Apparel and other textile products.. 9.36 9.67 9.77 9.78 352.87 365.53 355.63 363.82
Paper and allied products........... 16.54 17.16 17.11 17.04 683.10 725.87 708.35 698.64
Printing and publishing............. 14.64 15.02 15.04 15.11 557.78 575.27 562.50 565.11
Chemicals and allied products....... 18.41 18.80 18.85 18.99 778.74 797.12 789.82 789.98
Petroleum and coal products......... 22.21 21.98 22.12 22.63 957.25 912.17 915.77 907.46
Rubber and misc. plastics products.. 13.31 13.66 13.65 13.60 543.05 573.72 556.92 556.24
Leather and leather products........ 10.35 10.26 10.29 10.30 373.64 384.75 382.79 387.28
Service-producing....................... 13.73 14.18 14.25 14.27 447.60 467.94 458.85 463.78
Transportation and public utilities... $16.68 $17.26 $17.34 $17.42 $637.18 $661.06 $648.52 $653.25
Wholesale trade....................... 15.62 16.17 16.07 16.14 590.44 624.16 609.05 614.93
Retail trade.......................... 9.72 9.99 10.06 10.04 276.05 291.71 281.68 286.14
Finance, insurance, and real estate... 15.63 16.19 16.18 16.23 567.37 594.17 580.86 589.15
Services.............................. 14.47 15.08 15.09 15.10 471.72 496.13 485.90 489.24
1 See footnote 1, table B-2.
p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by industry, seasonally adjusted
Percent
Feb. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. change
Industry 2001 2001 2001 2001 2002p 2002p from:
Jan. 2002-
Feb. 2002
Total private:
Current dollars.............. $14.11 $14.47 $14.54 $14.58 $14.61 $14.63 0.1
Constant (1982) dollars2..... 7.92 8.06 8.11 8.15 8.15 N.A. (3)
Goods-producing............... 15.74 16.05 16.15 16.20 16.23 16.25 .1
Mining...................... 17.52 17.73 17.85 17.83 17.74 17.74 .0
Construction................ 18.30 18.38 18.46 18.57 18.55 18.54 -.1
Manufacturing............... 14.63 14.97 15.05 15.09 15.12 15.17 .3
Excluding overtime4....... 13.94 14.31 14.38 14.41 14.43 14.46 .2
Service-producing............. 13.62 14.01 14.07 14.12 14.14 14.16 .1
Transportation and public
utilities................ 16.64 17.09 17.23 17.23 17.30 17.39 .5
Wholesale trade............. 15.60 15.89 15.91 16.05 16.05 16.13 .5
Retail trade................ 9.69 9.91 9.98 9.99 10.00 10.01 .1
Finance, insurance, and real
estate................... 15.55 16.05 16.07 16.14 16.16 16.16 .0
Services.................... 14.34 14.81 14.87 14.93 14.94 14.97 .2
1 See footnote 1, table B-2.
2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to
deflate this series. Data have been revised to reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors
used in the CPI-W.
3 Change was .0 percent from December 2001 to January 2002, the latest month available.
4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and one-half.
N.A. = not available.
p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by
industry
(1982=100)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Industry
Feb. Dec. Jan. Feb. Feb. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.
2001 2001 2002p 2002p 2001 2001 2001 2001 2002p 2002p
Total private.................... 147.6 150.6 143.4 144.7 151.7 148.9 148.7 148.8 148.3 148.5
Goods-producing......................... 108.7 107.3 102.6 102.2 113.6 108.3 107.5 107.1 107.0 106.6
Mining................................ 51.1 54.4 50.9 52.5 53.2 54.8 54.8 54.3 53.2 54.8
Construction.......................... 166.4 179.1 168.1 167.0 186.9 185.5 187.9 185.8 188.6 185.8
Manufacturing......................... 100.0 95.1 91.7 91.3 101.5 94.9 93.4 93.3 92.7 92.6
Durable goods........................ 105.1 98.0 94.4 94.2 106.4 97.9 96.0 96.1 95.3 95.3
Lumber and wood products............ 131.3 134.8 129.5 128.3 137.4 136.1 135.1 135.5 133.8 134.4
Furniture and fixtures.............. 130.7 123.3 121.8 122.5 133.7 119.5 118.3 119.8 122.9 125.7
Stone, clay, and glass products..... 110.0 113.3 108.9 108.2 117.2 117.0 116.0 114.4 115.4 115.1
Primary metal industries............ 87.4 79.4 75.5 75.2 87.0 79.9 76.5 78.0 75.0 75.0
Blast furnaces and basic steel
products....................... 66.6 61.0 56.8 56.5 67.0 63.2 60.6 60.5 56.9 57.0
Fabricated metal products........... 115.9 111.1 106.8 107.0 117.1 109.7 107.4 108.1 107.2 108.2
Industrial machinery and equipment.. 98.6 86.4 83.8 82.9 98.3 87.5 85.1 84.4 83.3 82.2
Electronic and other electrical
equipment........................ 104.7 87.4 82.9 81.9 105.2 87.9 85.5 85.1 82.7 81.7
Transportation equipment............ 112.0 108.6 104.2 105.5 113.5 105.9 105.4 105.3 106.0 106.5
Motor vehicles and equipment...... 145.1 143.1 135.7 140.4 146.4 135.3 136.5 137.8 139.4 142.0
Instruments and related products.... 76.5 71.6 70.3 70.0 75.7 71.9 70.5 70.5 70.0 69.3
Miscellaneous manufacturing......... 93.5 90.3 86.4 88.4 94.9 89.6 87.3 89.1 88.6 89.8
Nondurable goods..................... 93.0 91.0 88.0 87.4 94.8 90.8 89.8 89.5 89.1 89.0
Food and kindred products........... 110.6 115.4 111.5 108.8 115.4 115.5 114.5 113.6 114.3 113.4
Tobacco products.................... 45.5 51.5 50.5 49.7 43.4 47.8 47.3 46.3 49.4 49.3
Textile mill products............... 68.0 61.9 59.7 60.5 69.7 62.8 61.4 61.2 59.9 62.0
Apparel and other textile products.. 50.5 44.7 42.9 44.0 50.9 44.9 44.1 44.5 44.4 44.3
Paper and allied products........... 98.2 98.2 95.4 94.1 99.8 96.5 96.2 95.9 95.2 95.5
Printing and publishing............. 117.5 112.5 107.5 106.5 119.0 112.5 110.7 109.9 108.6 107.4
Chemicals and allied products....... 99.0 96.3 94.8 94.5 99.0 96.8 96.2 95.0 94.9 94.4
Petroleum and coal products......... 67.4 70.2 67.8 65.7 70.0 71.6 71.7 71.4 70.8 68.1
Rubber and misc. plastics products.. 139.7 135.6 131.1 131.1 140.6 132.6 131.8 132.9 131.4 132.0
Leather and leather products........ 28.6 24.7 24.3 24.4 29.1 24.9 24.7 24.7 24.8 24.5
Service-producing....................... 165.1 170.1 161.7 163.8 168.9 167.1 167.1 167.5 166.9 167.4
Transportation and public utilities... 137.7 137.3 131.3 131.8 140.3 136.3 135.0 135.0 134.4 134.0
Wholesale trade....................... 129.2 131.2 127.4 127.7 131.4 129.7 129.3 129.8 129.6 130.0
Retail trade.......................... 140.4 152.0 138.9 140.5 146.8 144.8 145.3 145.5 145.3 146.6
Finance, insurance, and real estate... 138.5 141.3 137.5 138.5 139.8 139.3 140.2 139.6 139.5 139.9
Services.............................. 209.1 212.4 204.0 207.8 212.5 211.1 211.1 211.8 210.7 210.9
1 See footnote 1, table B-2.
p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Time span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.
Private nonfarm payrolls, 353 industries1
Over 1-month span:
1998.............. 63.2 56.2 59.3 60.2 58.9 57.1 55.4 58.4 54.8 55.0 58.2 56.4
1999.............. 55.1 59.6 52.8 57.2 58.2 54.2 57.1 54.4 55.2 57.9 59.9 56.8
2000.............. 55.7 59.3 61.0 54.2 47.7 60.5 57.8 55.1 52.0 54.8 55.1 54.2
2001.............. 53.7 50.4 55.8 45.0 46.6 44.3 45.5 43.9 44.1 38.7 38.7 41.8
2002.............. p47.2 p48.2
Over 3-month span:
1998.............. 65.3 66.1 64.6 65.7 62.2 57.9 57.5 58.4 59.1 59.2 59.3 59.2
1999.............. 60.8 57.8 58.5 55.8 58.1 57.9 57.2 59.2 59.8 59.1 61.0 60.6
2000.............. 61.6 63.3 61.9 56.2 55.1 57.9 61.5 56.4 54.1 53.3 55.7 53.3
2001.............. 51.7 54.1 48.6 49.2 42.5 42.4 40.5 39.9 38.8 35.8 35.6 p37.5
2002.............. p43.8
Over 6-month span:
1998.............. 70.4 67.4 65.0 62.5 63.6 60.5 59.2 58.6 57.9 59.6 60.6 59.9
1999.............. 59.8 59.8 58.2 60.3 56.7 59.2 61.8 60.8 62.2 61.2 62.3 64.9
2000.............. 63.5 60.6 62.6 63.7 61.5 55.5 56.1 58.6 54.2 54.8 51.8 54.2
2001.............. 52.0 50.6 48.6 45.3 44.1 38.5 37.1 35.6 35.1 p35.4 p35.8
2002..............
Over 12-month span:
1998.............. 69.7 67.6 67.4 66.0 64.0 62.7 61.9 62.0 60.9 59.3 60.8 58.8
1999.............. 61.2 60.2 58.2 60.8 60.8 61.6 62.2 61.3 63.9 63.0 61.3 60.9
2000.............. 62.5 63.0 61.8 59.5 58.4 56.8 55.7 56.5 54.2 53.4 53.0 51.7
2001.............. 49.6 47.7 45.0 43.1 40.5 39.8 p39.5 p38.0
2002..............
Manufacturing payrolls, 136 industries1
Over 1-month span:
1998.............. 57.4 51.5 53.7 53.3 43.8 48.2 38.2 51.5 41.9 41.5 41.2 43.4
1999.............. 46.0 44.5 43.0 42.3 50.4 39.3 51.5 39.3 45.2 46.3 53.3 46.7
2000.............. 44.9 56.6 55.5 46.7 41.2 54.8 53.7 38.6 34.6 41.5 43.8 44.1
2001.............. 37.9 32.4 41.5 31.3 29.4 33.1 39.0 27.6 36.0 29.4 25.7 29.4
2002.............. p39.7 p40.8
Over 3-month span:
1998.............. 59.6 59.6 55.9 50.4 46.7 37.9 41.5 41.5 41.9 38.2 36.8 40.8
1999.............. 41.2 39.0 38.2 41.5 40.8 45.2 39.0 45.2 40.8 44.9 46.3 46.0
2000.............. 50.0 54.0 52.9 42.3 43.0 48.5 48.2 33.8 28.7 30.5 39.0 35.7
2001.............. 28.3 29.4 24.6 26.5 22.4 24.6 21.0 19.9 19.9 21.0 17.6 p20.6
2002.............. p30.1
Over 6-month span:
1998.............. 63.2 54.4 50.4 40.4 44.5 40.1 37.5 36.4 34.9 40.1 37.1 34.2
1999.............. 36.0 38.2 37.5 41.2 36.8 39.7 43.0 41.5 46.0 40.4 46.3 51.5
2000.............. 51.5 44.5 48.5 55.1 43.8 34.9 33.5 34.6 30.1 29.4 25.0 27.9
2001.............. 26.8 25.4 19.9 20.6 20.2 15.1 13.2 14.0 11.8 p14.7 p18.8
2002..............
Over 12-month span:
1998.............. 54.8 52.2 51.8 46.7 40.4 40.1 38.2 37.5 36.4 34.6 35.7 34.2
1999.............. 38.6 34.6 32.4 36.0 37.9 39.0 40.1 40.4 44.5 46.0 44.9 44.5
2000.............. 46.3 45.2 41.2 37.9 33.8 31.3 31.3 31.3 27.6 25.4 24.3 21.0
2001.............. 19.1 16.5 14.7 16.2 15.1 12.1 p14.0 p12.9
2002..............
1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are
centered within the span.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with
unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing
employment.
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
Contact: (cpsinfo@bls.gov) Division of Labor Force Statistics-BLS
Last revised: March 08, 2002
URL: http://www.bls.census.gov/cps/pub/empsit_feb2002.htm
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