Technical information:
Household data: (202) 691-6378 USDL 01-453
http://www.bls.gov/cps/
Establishment data: 691-6555 Transmission of material in this release is
http://www.bls.gov/ces/ embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EST),
Media contact: 691-5902 Friday, December 7, 2001.
THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: NOVEMBER 2001
Employment fell sharply for the second month in a row in November, and
the unemployment rate rose to 5.7 percent, the Bureau of Labor Statistics
of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. Nonfarm payroll employment
dropped by 331,000, following an even larger decline in October. As was
the case in October, job losses in November were widespread.
Unemployment (Household Survey Data)
The number of unemployed persons increased by 419,000 to 8.2 million in
November, and the unemployment rate rose by 0.3 percentage point to
5.7 percent; this followed an increase of half a percentage point in October.
The jobless rate in November was at its highest level since August 1995.
Since October 2000, when both measures were at their most recent lows,
unemployment has risen by 2.6 million and the unemployment rate has increased
by 1.8 percentage points, of which 1.4 percentage points have come since the
beginning of the recession in March. (See table A-1.)
The unemployment rates for adult men (5.3 percent) and whites (5.1 percent)
rose in November. The rates for adult women (4.9 percent), blacks
(10.1 percent), Hispanics (7.6 percent), and teenagers (15.9 percent) were
little changed over the month, but were up substantially over the year.
(See tables A-1 and A-2.)
Among persons age 25 and older, the unemployment rates for high school
graduates with no college (5.1 percent) and college graduates (3.1 percent)
increased in November. The jobless rates for all of the educational groups
have risen over the year. (See table A-3.)
The number of unemployed persons who had been jobless for 27 weeks or
more rose by 280,000 in November to 1.2 million. This level has nearly
doubled since July. (See table A-6.)
The number of unemployed job losers not on temporary layoff rose by 427,000
in November to 3.4 million and has grown by 1.2 million since July. These
job losers accounted for 42.0 percent of the unemployed in November compared
to 28.8 percent a year earlier. (See table A-7.)
Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
The total number of employed persons fell by 478,000 in November to
134.1 million (seasonally adjusted). The employment-population ratio
dropped by 0.3 percentage point to 63.0 percent. Since its most recent
peak in January, employment has fallen by 1.9 million, and the employment-
population ratio has lost 1.5 percentage points. (See table A-1.)
The civilian labor force was essentially unchanged at 142.2 million in
November, and the labor force participation rate remained at 66.9 percent.
(See table A-1.)
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Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
___________________________________________________________________________
| Quarterly | |
| averages | Monthly data |
|_________________|__________________________| Oct.-
Category | 2001 | 2001 | Nov.
|_________________|__________________________|change
| II | III | Sept. | Oct. | Nov. |
______________________|________|________|________|________|________|_______
HOUSEHOLD DATA | Labor force status
|____________________________________________________
Civilian labor force..| 141,461| 141,771| 142,190| 142,303| 142,244| -59
Employment..........| 135,130| 134,984| 135,181| 134,562| 134,084| -478
Unemployment........| 6,331| 6,787| 7,009| 7,741| 8,160| 419
Not in labor force....| 70,072| 70,367| 70,167| 70,279| 70,523| 244
|________|________|________|________|________|_______
| Unemployment rates
|____________________________________________________
All workers...........| 4.5| 4.8| 4.9| 5.4| 5.7| 0.3
Adult men...........| 4.0| 4.2| 4.3| 4.8| 5.3| .5
Adult women.........| 3.8| 4.2| 4.4| 4.8| 4.9| .1
Teenagers...........| 14.0| 15.2| 14.7| 15.5| 15.9| .4
White...............| 3.9| 4.2| 4.3| 4.8| 5.1| .3
Black...............| 8.2| 8.6| 8.7| 9.7| 10.1| .4
Hispanic origin.....| 6.5| 6.2| 6.4| 7.2| 7.6| .4
|________|________|________|________|________|_______
ESTABLISHMENT DATA | Employment
|____________________________________________________
Nonfarm employment....| 132,483| 132,358| 132,230|p131,762|p131,431| p-331
Goods-producing 1/..| 25,310| 24,991| 24,888| p24,747| p24,580| p-167
Construction......| 6,866| 6,866| 6,871| p6,854| p6,852| p-2
Manufacturing.....| 17,882| 17,556| 17,448| p17,324| p17,161| p-163
Service-producing 1/| 107,173| 107,367| 107,342|p107,015|p106,851| p-164
Retail trade......| 23,546| 23,575| 23,536| p23,417| p23,403| p-14
Services..........| 41,052| 41,103| 41,134| p40,983| p40,913| p-70
Government........| 20,782| 20,973| 20,981| p21,000| p20,994| p-6
|________|________|________|________|________|_______
| Hours of work 2/
|____________________________________________________
Total private.........| 34.2| 34.1| 34.1| p34.0| p34.1| p0.1
Manufacturing.......| 40.8| 40.7| 40.6| p40.5| p40.3| p-.2
Overtime..........| 3.9| 4.0| 3.9| p3.8| p3.7| p-.1
|________|________|________|________|________|_______
| Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (1982=100) 2/
|____________________________________________________
Total private.........| 151.4| 150.3| 149.9| p148.8| p148.7| p-0.1
|________|________|________|________|________|_______
| Earnings 2/
|____________________________________________________
Avg. hourly earnings, | | | | | |
total private.......| $14.25| $14.40| $14.45| p$14.47| p$14.52| p$0.05
Avg. weekly earnings, | | | | | |
total private.......| 487.46| 490.93| 492.75| p491.98| p495.13| p3.15
______________________|________|________|________|________|________|_______
1/ Includes other industries, not shown separately.
2/ Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers.
p=preliminary.
- 3 -
Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
About 1.3 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) were marginally
attached to the labor force in November, up from 1.1 million a year
earlier. These persons wanted and were available for work and had looked
for a job sometime in the prior 12 months but were not counted as
unemployed because they had not actively searched for work in the 4 weeks
preceding the survey. The number of discouraged workers was 322,000 in
November, up from 234,000 a year earlier. Discouraged workers, a subset of
the marginally attached, were not currently looking for work specifically
because they believed no jobs were available for them. (See table A-10.)
Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)
Nonfarm payroll employment fell by 331,000 in November to 131.4 million,
seasonally adjusted, following a decline of 468,000 (as revised) in
October. Since the recession began in March, payroll employment has fallen
by 1.2 million. As was the case in October, job losses in November were
broad based. Manufacturing, help supply services, and transportation
continued to have particularly large employment declines. (See table B-1.)
Widespread job losses continued in manufacturing. Factory employment
fell by 163,000 over the month, bringing the decline since July 2000 to
1.4 million. In November, large employment cutbacks continued in both
electrical equipment (-29,000) and industrial machinery (-26,000). These
two industries have accounted for one-third of the factory jobs lost since
July 2000. Fabricated metals also had a particularly large decline
(-19,000) in November. Four additional manufacturing industries lost more
than 10,000 jobs each over the month--primary metals, apparel, printing and
publishing, and rubber and miscellaneous plastics.
Elsewhere in the goods-producing sector, construction employment was
essentially unchanged , after seasonal adjustment. Unseasonably warm
temperatures across virtually the entire country in November helped to
mitigate some of the seasonal layoffs that typically occur during the
month. As a result, employment rose, after seasonal adjustment, in outdoor
construction activities such as heavy construction, concrete, and masonry.
These increases were offset by job losses in plumbing and electrical work.
The services industry lost 70,000 jobs in November; over the last
2 months, employment in the industry has fallen by 221,000. Much of the
decline occurred in help supply services. That industry, which provides
workers to other businesses, lost a total of 188,000 jobs in October and
November. About 1 job in 5 in the industry has been lost since September
2000. A decline of 7,000 in hotel employment followed a sizable drop in
October. Employment also fell over the month in amusement and recreation
services (-25,000). In contrast, employment in health services continued
its steady growth with an increase of 32,000 in November, including 17,000
in hospitals. The health services industry has added 277,000 jobs thus far
in 2001. Employment in guard services, a component of business services,
continued to grow in the aftermath of the September 11 terrorist attacks.
Employment declines continued in transportation, with a loss of 54,000
jobs in November and 172,000 since March. Over-the-month job losses
accelerated in air transportation (-45,000) and continued in transportation
services (-12,000), which includes travel agencies.
Wholesale trade employment fell by 25,000 in November. Since its peak
in November 2000, the industry has lost 124,000 jobs. Mirroring the recent
trends in manufacturing, over-the-month declines were concentrated in durable
goods distribution, particularly in machinery and in professional and
commercial equipment.
- 4 -
Retail trade employment edged down in November, following a large drop
in October. This was the fourth consecutive monthly decrease, with total
losses of 203,000 jobs in retail trade since July. Industries that usually
hire extensively for the holiday shopping season--department stores, apparel
stores, and miscellaneous retailers (such as toy stores and jewelry stores)--
had large job declines, after seasonal adjustment, for the second consecutive
month. Car dealers added 6,000 jobs in November, reflecting the incentives
offered to boost car sales.
Finance added 14,000 jobs over the month. Mortgage brokerages, commercial
banks, and savings institutions have benefited from low interest rates in
recent months.
Employment in government was little changed in November and has shown no
net growth since August. A decline in federal government employment was
due primarily to limited holiday hiring by the postal service. Local
government education employment increased by 22,000 over the month and has
risen by 117,000 since May.
Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)
The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private
nonfarm payrolls edged up by 0.1 hour in November to 34.1 hours, seasonally
adjusted. The manufacturing workweek decreased by 0.2 hour to 40.3 hours,
the same level as in March 1991, its lowest point in the last recession.
Factory overtime was down by 0.1 hour to 3.7 hours. Since July 2000, the
manufacturing workweek has fallen by 1.5 hours and overtime by 1.0 hour.
(See table B-2.)
The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonfarm payrolls edged down by 0.1 percent in November
to 148.7 (1982=100), seasonally adjusted. The index has fallen by
2.3 percent from its recent peak in January. The manufacturing index fell
by 1.5 percent to 93.5 in November and has dropped by 12.6 percent since July
2000. (See table B-5.)
Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)
Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on
private nonfarm payrolls increased by 5 cents in November to $14.52,
seasonally adjusted. This followed a gain of 2 cents in October. Average
weekly earnings rose by 0.6 percent in November to $495.13. Over the year,
average hourly earnings increased by 3.9 percent and average weekly
earnings grew by 3.3 percent. (See table B-3.)
- 5 -
______________________________
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| Following usual practice, the 6-month updates to seasonal |
| adjustment factors for the establishment survey data are |
| introduced with this release. These factors were used in the |
| revisions to the September and October data as well as in the |
| November estimates, and will be used through the April 2002 |
| estimates. These factors will be published in the December 2001 |
| issue of Employment and Earnings and are available on the |
| Internet (http://www.bls.gov/ces/) or by calling (202) 691-6555. |
| Also in accordance with usual practice, the release of |
| December data in January will incorporate annual revisions in |
| seasonally adjusted unemployment and other labor force series |
| from the household survey. Seasonally adjusted data for the most|
| recent 5 years are subject to revision. |
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The Employment Situation for December 2001 is scheduled to be released
on Friday, January 4, 2002, at 8:30 A.M. (EST). Release dates for the
balance of 2002 are as follows:
Feb. 1 May 3 Aug. 2 Nov. 1
March 8 June 7 Sept. 6 Dec. 6
April 5 July 5 Oct. 4
- 6 -
Explanatory Note
This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the
information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears
in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about
60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of
Labor Statistics (BLS).
The establishment survey provides the information on the employment,
hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that appears in the B
tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected from
payroll records by BLS in cooperation with State agencies. In June 2001,
the sample included about 350,000 establishments employing about 39 million
people.
For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week
or pay period. In the household survey, the reference week is generally
the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the
establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the
12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.
Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys
Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire
civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of
questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over
in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the
labor force.
People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid
employees during the reference week; worked in their own business,
profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours
in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if they
were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather,
vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons.
People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following
criteria: They had no employment during the reference week; they were
available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find
employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference
week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be
looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data
derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for
or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.
The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed
persons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the
labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent
of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force
as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the
employed as a percent of the population.
Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
Federal, State, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate
only to production workers in the goods-producing sector and nonsupervisory
workers in the service-producing sector.
- 7 -
Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and
methodological differences between the household and establishment surveys
result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from
the surveys. Among these are:
--The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed,
unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed.
These groups are excluded from the establishment survey.
--The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
employed. The establishment survey does not.
--The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
The establishment survey is not limited by age.
--The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In
the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus
appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each
appearance.
Other differences between the two surveys are described in "Comparing
Employment Estimates from Household and Payroll Surveys," which may be
obtained from BLS upon request.
Seasonal adjustment
Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the
levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations due to
such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production,
harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The
effect of such seasonal variation can be very large; seasonal
fluctuations may account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month
changes in unemployment.
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each
year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting
the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make nonseasonal
developments, such as declines in economic activity or increases in the
participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For example,
the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to
obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it
difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or
declined. However, because the effect of students finishing school in
previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can be
adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal
adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful
tool with which to analyze changes in economic activity.
In both the household and establishment surveys, most seasonally adjusted
series are independently adjusted. However, the adjusted series for many
major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most major
industry divisions, total employment, and unemployment are computed by
aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total
unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-
sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration,
reasons, or more detailed age categories.
The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are
recalculated twice a year. For the household survey, the factors are
calculated for the January-June period and again for the July-December
- 8 -
period. For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal
adjustment are calculated for the May-October period and introduced along
with new benchmarks, and again for the November-April period. In both
surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year.
Reliability of the estimates
Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject
to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather than the
entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates
may differ from the "true" population values they represent. The exact
difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample
selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the
estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that
an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard
errors from the "true" population value because of sampling error. BLS
analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total
employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or minus
292,000. Suppose the estimate of total employment increases by 100,000
from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the
monthly change would range from -192,000 to 392,000 (100,000 +/- 292,000).
These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these
magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the
"true" over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this range
includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
employment had, in fact, increased. If, however, the reported employment
rise was half a million, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely
(at least a 90-percent chance) that an employment rise had, in fact,
occurred. The 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change in
unemployment is +/- 273,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment
rate it is +/- .19 percentage point.
In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have
lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates
which are based on a small number of observations. The precision of
estimates is also improved when the data are cumulated over time such as
for quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal adjustment process can
also improve the stability of the monthly estimates.
The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling
error. Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons, including the
failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain
information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness
of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes
made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the
data.
For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2
months are based on substantially incomplete returns; for this reason,
these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after
two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample
reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final.
Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is
the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new
firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth
(and other sources of error), a process known as bias adjustment is
included in the survey's estimating procedures, whereby a specified number
of jobs is added to the monthly sample-based change. The size of the
- 9 -
monthly bias adjustment is based largely on past relationships between the
sample-based estimates of employment and the total counts of employment
described below.
The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted
once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment
obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program.
The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the
March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a
rough proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate
changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, the
benchmark revision for total nonfarm employment has averaged 0.3 percent,
ranging from zero to 0.7 percent.
Additional statistics and other information
More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings,
published each month by BLS. It is available for $26.00 per issue or
$50.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC
20402. All orders must be prepaid by sending a check or money order
payable to the Superintendent of Documents, or by charging to Mastercard or
Visa.
Employment and Earnings also provides measures of sampling error for the
household survey data published in this release. For unemployment and
other labor force categories, these measures appear in tables 1-B through
1-D of its "Explanatory Notes." Measures of the reliability of the data
drawn from the establishment survey and the actual amounts of revision due
to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables 2-B through 2-H of that
publication.
Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD message referral
phone: 1-800-877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Employment status, sex, and age
Nov. Oct. Nov. Nov. July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.
2000 2001 2001 2000 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 210,577 212,581 212,767 210,577 211,921 212,135 212,357 212,581 212,767
Civilian labor force............................ 141,025 142,004 141,911 141,136 141,774 141,350 142,190 142,303 142,244
Participation rate........................ 67.0 66.8 66.7 67.0 66.9 66.6 67.0 66.9 66.9
Employed...................................... 135,731 134,898 134,359 135,478 135,379 134,393 135,181 134,562 134,084
Employment-population ratio............... 64.5 63.5 63.1 64.3 63.9 63.4 63.7 63.3 63.0
Agriculture................................. 3,030 3,265 2,971 3,176 3,045 3,117 3,220 3,200 3,109
Nonagricultural industries.................. 132,701 131,633 131,388 132,302 132,334 131,276 131,961 131,362 130,975
Unemployed.................................... 5,295 7,106 7,551 5,658 6,395 6,957 7,009 7,741 8,160
Unemployment rate......................... 3.8 5.0 5.3 4.0 4.5 4.9 4.9 5.4 5.7
Not in labor force.............................. 69,551 70,577 70,856 69,441 70,147 70,785 70,167 70,279 70,523
Persons who currently want a job.............. 3,971 4,338 4,320 4,351 4,529 4,858 4,539 4,700 4,742
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 101,175 102,229 102,322 101,175 101,885 101,995 102,110 102,229 102,322
Civilian labor force............................ 75,152 75,811 75,594 75,386 75,719 75,518 76,058 76,051 75,943
Participation rate........................ 74.3 74.2 73.9 74.5 74.3 74.0 74.5 74.4 74.2
Employed...................................... 72,371 72,017 71,456 72,354 72,279 71,690 72,333 71,871 71,401
Employment-population ratio............... 71.5 70.4 69.8 71.5 70.9 70.3 70.8 70.3 69.8
Unemployed.................................... 2,781 3,794 4,138 3,032 3,439 3,828 3,724 4,179 4,542
Unemployment rate......................... 3.7 5.0 5.5 4.0 4.5 5.1 4.9 5.5 6.0
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 93,061 94,015 94,077 93,061 93,708 93,810 93,917 94,015 94,077
Civilian labor force............................ 71,151 71,901 71,738 71,135 71,555 71,514 71,894 71,953 71,845
Participation rate........................ 76.5 76.5 76.3 76.4 76.4 76.2 76.6 76.5 76.4
Employed...................................... 68,908 68,748 68,292 68,683 68,745 68,402 68,826 68,481 68,042
Employment-population ratio............... 74.0 73.1 72.6 73.8 73.4 72.9 73.3 72.8 72.3
Agriculture................................. 2,099 2,184 2,013 2,122 2,028 2,140 2,175 2,117 2,027
Nonagricultural industries.................. 66,809 66,564 66,279 66,561 66,717 66,262 66,651 66,365 66,015
Unemployed.................................... 2,243 3,152 3,446 2,452 2,810 3,112 3,069 3,472 3,803
Unemployment rate......................... 3.2 4.4 4.8 3.4 3.9 4.4 4.3 4.8 5.3
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 109,402 110,353 110,445 109,402 110,035 110,140 110,247 110,353 110,445
Civilian labor force............................ 65,874 66,194 66,317 65,750 66,055 65,833 66,132 66,252 66,300
Participation rate........................ 60.2 60.0 60.0 60.1 60.0 59.8 60.0 60.0 60.0
Employed...................................... 63,360 62,881 62,904 63,124 63,100 62,703 62,848 62,691 62,683
Employment-population ratio............... 57.9 57.0 57.0 57.7 57.3 56.9 57.0 56.8 56.8
Unemployed.................................... 2,513 3,312 3,414 2,626 2,956 3,130 3,284 3,562 3,617
Unemployment rate......................... 3.8 5.0 5.1 4.0 4.5 4.8 5.0 5.4 5.5
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 101,533 102,371 102,438 101,533 102,067 102,165 102,277 102,371 102,438
Civilian labor force............................ 61,881 62,358 62,454 61,625 62,145 62,172 62,242 62,252 62,333
Participation rate........................ 60.9 60.9 61.0 60.7 60.9 60.9 60.9 60.8 60.8
Employed...................................... 59,868 59,587 59,576 59,506 59,752 59,562 59,489 59,237 59,259
Employment-population ratio............... 59.0 58.2 58.2 58.6 58.5 58.3 58.2 57.9 57.8
Agriculture................................. 722 853 770 797 773 766 826 853 862
Nonagricultural industries.................. 59,146 58,734 58,806 58,709 58,978 58,796 58,663 58,384 58,397
Unemployed.................................... 2,012 2,771 2,878 2,119 2,394 2,610 2,754 3,016 3,074
Unemployment rate......................... 3.3 4.4 4.6 3.4 3.9 4.2 4.4 4.8 4.9
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population............. 15,983 16,195 16,252 15,983 16,145 16,161 16,163 16,195 16,252
Civilian labor force............................ 7,994 7,745 7,719 8,376 8,074 7,664 8,054 8,097 8,065
Participation rate........................ 50.0 47.8 47.5 52.4 50.0 47.4 49.8 50.0 49.6
Employed...................................... 6,955 6,563 6,491 7,289 6,883 6,429 6,867 6,844 6,783
Employment-population ratio............... 43.5 40.5 39.9 45.6 42.6 39.8 42.5 42.3 41.7
Agriculture................................. 209 227 188 257 244 211 219 231 220
Nonagricultural industries.................. 6,746 6,335 6,303 7,032 6,638 6,218 6,648 6,613 6,563
Unemployed.................................... 1,039 1,182 1,228 1,087 1,191 1,236 1,187 1,253 1,282
Unemployment rate......................... 13.0 15.3 15.9 13.0 14.8 16.1 14.7 15.5 15.9
1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted
and seasonally adjusted columns.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Employment status, race, sex, age, and
Hispanic origin
Nov. Oct. Nov. Nov. July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.
2000 2001 2001 2000 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 175,034 176,372 176,500 175,034 175,924 176,069 176,220 176,372 176,500
Civilian labor force............................ 117,428 118,251 118,168 117,640 117,982 117,726 118,290 118,597 118,564
Participation rate.......................... 67.1 67.0 67.0 67.2 67.1 66.9 67.1 67.2 67.2
Employed...................................... 113,598 113,104 112,649 113,509 113,237 112,703 113,201 112,900 112,535
Employment-population ratio................. 64.9 64.1 63.8 64.8 64.4 64.0 64.2 64.0 63.8
Unemployed.................................... 3,830 5,147 5,519 4,131 4,745 5,024 5,089 5,696 6,029
Unemployment rate........................... 3.3 4.4 4.7 3.5 4.0 4.3 4.3 4.8 5.1
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force............................ 60,222 60,875 60,686 60,280 60,432 60,575 60,784 61,031 60,896
Participation rate.......................... 76.7 76.9 76.6 76.8 76.6 76.7 76.9 77.1 76.9
Employed...................................... 58,594 58,495 58,080 58,478 58,362 58,297 58,493 58,320 57,964
Employment-population ratio................. 74.7 73.9 73.4 74.5 74.0 73.8 74.0 73.7 73.2
Unemployed.................................... 1,627 2,380 2,606 1,802 2,069 2,278 2,292 2,711 2,932
Unemployment rate........................... 2.7 3.9 4.3 3.0 3.4 3.8 3.8 4.4 4.8
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force............................ 50,527 50,839 50,974 50,335 50,684 50,656 50,651 50,759 50,834
Participation rate.......................... 60.2 60.2 60.3 60.0 60.2 60.1 60.0 60.1 60.2
Employed...................................... 49,105 48,911 48,956 48,825 48,925 48,839 48,724 48,668 48,664
Employment-population ratio................. 58.6 57.9 58.0 58.2 58.1 57.9 57.8 57.6 57.6
Unemployed.................................... 1,422 1,928 2,018 1,510 1,759 1,817 1,927 2,091 2,170
Unemployment rate........................... 2.8 3.8 4.0 3.0 3.5 3.6 3.8 4.1 4.3
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force............................ 6,679 6,537 6,508 7,025 6,866 6,495 6,855 6,807 6,835
Participation rate.......................... 52.6 50.9 50.7 55.3 53.6 50.7 53.5 53.0 53.2
Employed...................................... 5,898 5,698 5,613 6,206 5,950 5,567 5,984 5,912 5,907
Employment-population ratio................. 46.5 44.4 43.7 48.9 46.5 43.4 46.7 46.1 46.0
Unemployed.................................... 781 839 894 819 916 928 870 895 927
Unemployment rate........................... 11.7 12.8 13.7 11.7 13.3 14.3 12.7 13.1 13.6
Men....................................... 12.2 13.9 16.2 12.4 13.7 15.8 13.5 14.8 16.1
Women..................................... 11.2 11.8 11.3 10.9 13.0 12.7 11.9 11.5 11.0
BLACK
Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 25,376 25,686 25,720 25,376 25,565 25,604 25,644 25,686 25,720
Civilian labor force............................ 16,798 16,733 16,729 16,732 16,693 16,712 16,792 16,735 16,659
Participation rate.......................... 66.2 65.1 65.0 65.9 65.3 65.3 65.5 65.2 64.8
Employed...................................... 15,604 15,202 15,127 15,485 15,374 15,195 15,327 15,104 14,980
Employment-population ratio................. 61.5 59.2 58.8 61.0 60.1 59.3 59.8 58.8 58.2
Unemployed.................................... 1,195 1,531 1,602 1,247 1,320 1,517 1,466 1,631 1,679
Unemployment rate........................... 7.1 9.1 9.6 7.5 7.9 9.1 8.7 9.7 10.1
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force............................ 7,453 7,393 7,424 7,397 7,395 7,424 7,468 7,319 7,366
Participation rate.......................... 73.2 71.7 71.9 72.6 72.1 72.3 72.6 71.0 71.4
Employed...................................... 6,964 6,817 6,804 6,888 6,808 6,752 6,904 6,730 6,717
Employment-population ratio................. 68.4 66.2 65.9 67.6 66.4 65.8 67.1 65.3 65.1
Unemployed.................................... 490 576 620 509 586 672 564 589 649
Unemployment rate........................... 6.6 7.8 8.3 6.9 7.9 9.0 7.6 8.0 8.8
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force............................ 8,362 8,441 8,396 8,325 8,409 8,424 8,424 8,461 8,359
Participation rate.......................... 65.7 65.5 65.1 65.4 65.5 65.6 65.4 65.6 64.8
Employed...................................... 7,866 7,752 7,703 7,808 7,903 7,842 7,772 7,706 7,634
Employment-population ratio................. 61.8 60.1 59.7 61.3 61.6 61.0 60.4 59.8 59.1
Unemployed.................................... 496 689 693 517 506 582 652 755 725
Unemployment rate........................... 5.9 8.2 8.3 6.2 6.0 6.9 7.7 8.9 8.7
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force............................ 983 898 909 1,010 890 864 901 955 935
Participation rate.......................... 39.9 36.1 36.4 41.0 35.8 34.8 36.2 38.4 37.5
Employed...................................... 774 632 620 789 663 601 651 668 629
Employment-population ratio................. 31.5 25.4 24.9 32.1 26.7 24.2 26.2 26.8 25.2
Unemployed.................................... 209 266 289 221 227 263 250 287 306
Unemployment rate........................... 21.2 29.7 31.8 21.9 25.5 30.4 27.7 30.1 32.7
Men....................................... 21.4 30.0 31.1 22.5 26.9 32.5 30.5 31.2 31.6
Women..................................... 21.1 29.4 32.4 21.3 24.3 28.1 24.8 29.0 33.7
HISPANIC ORIGIN
Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 22,687 23,351 23,417 22,687 23,157 23,222 23,288 23,351 23,417
Civilian labor force............................ 15,514 16,007 15,830 15,626 15,788 15,772 15,813 16,004 15,944
Participation rate.......................... 68.4 68.5 67.6 68.9 68.2 67.9 67.9 68.5 68.1
Employed...................................... 14,631 14,903 14,698 14,686 14,843 14,778 14,802 14,858 14,728
Employment-population ratio................. 64.5 63.8 62.8 64.7 64.1 63.6 63.6 63.6 62.9
Unemployed.................................... 883 1,104 1,132 940 945 994 1,010 1,146 1,217
Unemployment rate........................... 5.7 6.9 7.1 6.0 6.0 6.3 6.4 7.2 7.6
1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted
and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races"
group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Educational attainment
Nov. Oct. Nov. Nov. July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.
2000 2001 2001 2000 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian noninstitutional population...... 27,851 27,325 27,504 27,851 27,679 27,468 27,478 27,325 27,504
Civilian labor force.................... 12,026 12,037 11,997 11,958 12,188 11,799 11,859 12,073 11,969
Percent of population............... 43.2 44.1 43.6 42.9 44.0 43.0 43.2 44.2 43.5
Employed.............................. 11,242 11,183 11,044 11,171 11,380 10,943 10,932 11,139 11,000
Employment-population ratio......... 40.4 40.9 40.2 40.1 41.1 39.8 39.8 40.8 40.0
Unemployed............................ 784 854 954 787 808 856 927 934 969
Unemployment rate................... 6.5 7.1 7.9 6.6 6.6 7.3 7.8 7.7 8.1
High school graduates, no college(2)
Civilian noninstitutional population...... 57,562 57,221 57,400 57,562 56,947 57,513 57,400 57,221 57,400
Civilian labor force.................... 37,344 36,782 36,836 37,129 36,970 37,096 36,873 36,855 36,670
Percent of population............... 64.9 64.3 64.2 64.5 64.9 64.5 64.2 64.4 63.9
Employed.............................. 36,087 35,208 35,069 35,830 35,468 35,460 35,303 35,137 34,790
Employment-population ratio......... 62.7 61.5 61.1 62.2 62.3 61.7 61.5 61.4 60.6
Unemployed............................ 1,258 1,575 1,767 1,299 1,502 1,636 1,571 1,717 1,880
Unemployment rate................... 3.4 4.3 4.8 3.5 4.1 4.4 4.3 4.7 5.1
Less than a bachelor's degree(3)
Civilian noninstitutional population...... 44,770 45,471 45,353 44,770 45,444 45,339 45,424 45,471 45,353
Civilian labor force.................... 33,076 33,583 33,529 32,776 33,296 33,481 33,880 33,331 33,311
Percent of population............... 73.9 73.9 73.9 73.2 73.3 73.8 74.6 73.3 73.4
Employed.............................. 32,270 32,295 32,203 31,897 32,301 32,407 32,696 31,975 31,853
Employment-population ratio......... 72.1 71.0 71.0 71.2 71.1 71.5 72.0 70.3 70.2
Unemployed............................ 806 1,288 1,326 879 994 1,075 1,184 1,356 1,459
Unemployment rate................... 2.4 3.8 4.0 2.7 3.0 3.2 3.5 4.1 4.4
College graduates
Civilian noninstitutional population...... 45,706 47,371 47,225 45,706 46,784 46,734 46,870 47,371 47,225
Civilian labor force.................... 36,184 37,354 37,290 36,237 36,634 36,649 36,896 37,281 37,429
Percent of population............... 79.2 78.9 79.0 79.3 78.3 78.4 78.7 78.7 79.3
Employed.............................. 35,676 36,404 36,285 35,674 35,859 35,870 36,000 36,259 36,285
Employment-population ratio......... 78.1 76.8 76.8 78.1 76.6 76.8 76.8 76.5 76.8
Unemployed............................ 507 950 1,005 563 775 779 896 1,023 1,143
Unemployment rate................... 1.4 2.5 2.7 1.6 2.1 2.1 2.4 2.7 3.1
1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation, therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted
and seasonally adjusted columns.
2 Includes high school diploma or equivalent.
3 Includes the categories, some college, no degree; and associate degree.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Selected employment indicators
(In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Category
Nov. Oct. Nov. Nov. July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.
2000 2001 2001 2000 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001
CHARACTERISTIC
Total employed, 16 years and over................. 135,731 134,898 134,359 135,478 135,379 134,393 135,181 134,562 134,084
Married men, spouse present..................... 43,512 43,319 43,044 43,251 43,294 43,172 43,091 42,932 42,787
Married women, spouse present................... 33,890 33,492 33,482 33,633 33,603 33,805 33,664 33,160 33,283
Women who maintain families..................... 8,535 8,264 8,386 8,495 8,567 8,323 8,240 8,215 8,319
OCCUPATION
Managerial and professional specialty........... 41,296 42,148 42,031 41,083 41,917 41,750 41,775 41,974 41,891
Technical, sales, and administrative support.... 39,677 38,489 38,602 39,616 39,067 38,664 39,114 38,566 38,487
Service occupations............................. 18,429 18,071 18,436 18,471 18,642 18,052 18,357 18,421 18,436
Precision production, craft, and repair......... 14,767 14,914 14,620 14,748 14,997 15,050 14,941 14,840 14,562
Operators, fabricators, and laborers............ 18,466 17,951 17,581 18,184 17,571 17,655 17,679 17,583 17,282
Farming, forestry, and fishing.................. 3,095 3,326 3,090 3,238 3,166 3,154 3,306 3,251 3,236
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture:
Wage and salary workers....................... 1,877 1,945 1,753 2,005 1,786 1,850 1,884 1,909 1,853
Self-employed workers......................... 1,126 1,292 1,208 1,180 1,256 1,239 1,290 1,299 1,275
Unpaid family workers......................... 26 27 11 25 22 29 23 25 11
Nonagricultural industries:
Wage and salary workers....................... 124,065 122,943 122,859 123,632 123,432 122,686 123,278 122,658 122,318
Government.................................. 19,264 19,235 19,356 19,146 18,919 19,219 19,397 19,274 19,184
Private industries.......................... 104,801 103,708 103,503 104,486 104,513 103,467 103,881 103,384 103,134
Private households........................ 800 848 772 827 790 827 809 875 793
Other industries.......................... 104,001 102,860 102,730 103,659 103,723 102,640 103,072 102,509 102,341
Self-employed workers......................... 8,505 8,598 8,450 8,533 8,574 8,481 8,563 8,487 8,492
Unpaid family workers......................... 131 93 79 128 88 113 102 105 74
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME
All industries:
Part time for economic reasons................ 3,241 3,954 4,042 3,416 3,466 3,326 4,188 4,462 4,241
Slack work or business conditions........... 2,083 2,706 2,729 2,183 2,120 2,086 2,861 3,023 2,864
Could only find part-time work.............. 829 1,032 1,052 886 999 935 1,081 1,134 1,133
Part time for noneconomic reasons............. 20,015 19,451 19,672 18,896 18,845 19,153 18,825 18,595 18,524
Nonagricultural industries:
Part time for economic reasons................ 3,089 3,825 3,837 3,285 3,336 3,196 4,045 4,342 4,060
Slack work or business conditions........... 1,979 2,623 2,600 2,082 2,059 2,004 2,759 2,953 2,740
Could only find part-time work.............. 821 1,017 1,035 871 985 911 1,070 1,108 1,110
Part time for noneconomic reasons............. 19,454 18,878 19,118 18,323 18,309 18,580 18,278 18,031 17,969
NOTE: Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs during the entire reference week for
reasons such as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually
work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad
weather.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons Unemployment rates(1)
(in thousands)
Category
Nov. Oct. Nov. Nov. July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.
2000 2001 2001 2000 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001
CHARACTERISTIC
Total, 16 years and over......................... 5,658 7,741 8,160 4.0 4.5 4.9 4.9 5.4 5.7
Men, 20 years and over......................... 2,452 3,472 3,803 3.4 3.9 4.4 4.3 4.8 5.3
Women, 20 years and over....................... 2,119 3,016 3,074 3.4 3.9 4.2 4.4 4.8 4.9
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years..................... 1,087 1,253 1,282 13.0 14.8 16.1 14.7 15.5 15.9
Married men, spouse present.................... 974 1,384 1,493 2.2 2.6 2.7 2.7 3.1 3.4
Married women, spouse present.................. 859 1,275 1,248 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.7 3.6
Women who maintain families.................... 467 607 750 5.2 6.2 6.7 7.0 6.9 8.3
Full-time workers.............................. 4,560 6,353 6,778 3.9 4.4 4.8 5.0 5.4 5.8
Part-time workers.............................. 1,096 1,393 1,379 4.5 5.1 5.6 4.5 5.6 5.6
OCCUPATION(2)
Managerial and professional specialty.......... 699 1,183 1,232 1.7 2.2 2.5 2.4 2.7 2.9
Technical, sales, and administrative support... 1,464 1,909 2,124 3.6 4.0 4.3 4.3 4.7 5.2
Precision production, craft, and repair........ 559 926 931 3.7 4.2 4.8 4.8 5.9 6.0
Operators, fabricators, and laborers........... 1,230 1,685 1,757 6.3 7.2 7.7 7.5 8.7 9.2
Farming, forestry, and fishing................. 246 210 232 7.1 7.5 8.7 7.1 6.1 6.7
INDUSTRY
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers 4,313 6,494 6,754 4.0 4.7 5.1 5.2 5.9 6.1
Goods-producing industries................... 1,289 1,928 2,042 4.5 5.6 6.2 6.2 6.9 7.3
Mining..................................... 20 39 28 3.5 3.7 4.3 4.8 7.0 5.3
Construction............................... 544 702 781 6.9 6.8 7.5 7.6 8.4 9.4
Manufacturing.............................. 725 1,186 1,233 3.6 5.1 5.7 5.6 6.2 6.5
Durable goods............................ 423 813 832 3.5 4.7 5.8 5.6 6.9 7.1
Nondurable goods......................... 302 373 401 3.9 5.7 5.5 5.4 5.2 5.4
Service-producing industries................. 3,024 4,566 4,713 3.8 4.4 4.8 4.9 5.6 5.7
Transportation and public utilities........ 202 491 536 2.6 3.3 3.5 3.9 6.0 6.5
Wholesale and retail trade................. 1,284 1,673 1,809 4.7 5.2 5.6 5.9 6.1 6.5
Finance, insurance, and real estate........ 153 221 302 1.9 3.2 2.7 2.8 2.7 3.6
Services................................... 1,385 2,181 2,066 3.7 4.3 4.9 4.8 5.7 5.5
Government workers............................. 445 468 492 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.4 2.5
Agricultural wage and salary workers........... 207 186 195 9.4 10.9 10.2 7.1 8.9 9.5
1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
2 Seasonally adjusted unemployment data for service occupations are not available because the seasonal component, which
is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Duration of unemployment
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Duration
Nov. Oct. Nov. Nov. July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.
2000 2001 2001 2000 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks................................ 2,343 2,896 2,883 2,531 2,612 3,004 2,764 3,165 3,157
5 to 14 weeks.................................... 1,744 2,267 2,501 1,796 2,150 2,100 2,361 2,570 2,600
15 weeks and over................................ 1,207 1,943 2,168 1,317 1,587 1,817 1,884 2,062 2,398
15 to 26 weeks................................ 653 1,081 1,115 713 935 982 1,089 1,174 1,230
27 weeks and over............................. 555 862 1,052 604 652 835 795 888 1,168
Average (mean) duration, in weeks................ 12.4 13.5 14.5 12.4 12.5 13.3 13.1 13.0 14.5
Median duration, in weeks........................ 5.9 7.3 7.5 6.1 6.7 6.5 7.4 7.4 7.7
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Less than 5 weeks.............................. 44.3 40.8 38.2 44.8 41.1 43.4 39.4 40.6 38.7
5 to 14 weeks.................................. 32.9 31.9 33.1 31.8 33.9 30.3 33.7 33.0 31.9
15 weeks and over.............................. 22.8 27.3 28.7 23.3 25.0 26.3 26.9 26.4 29.4
15 to 26 weeks............................... 12.3 15.2 14.8 12.6 14.7 14.2 15.5 15.1 15.1
27 weeks and over............................ 10.5 12.1 13.9 10.7 10.3 12.1 11.3 11.4 14.3
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Reason for unemployment
(Numbers in thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Reason
Nov. Oct. Nov. Nov. July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.
2000 2001 2001 2000 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary
jobs........................................... 2,327 3,701 4,194 2,501 3,252 3,409 3,600 4,360 4,598
On temporary layoff............................. 775 864 1,017 877 1,003 1,079 1,118 1,360 1,172
Not on temporary layoff......................... 1,552 2,838 3,177 1,624 2,249 2,330 2,482 3,000 3,427
Permanent job losers.......................... 978 2,062 2,403 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Persons who completed temporary jobs.......... 574 775 774 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Job leavers....................................... 735 923 799 768 774 894 800 893 842
Reentrants........................................ 1,853 2,051 2,096 1,936 1,912 2,166 2,108 2,098 2,202
New entrants...................................... 380 430 462 429 436 495 476 462 509
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Total unemployed.................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Job losers and persons who completed temporary
jobs........................................... 44.0 52.1 55.5 44.4 51.0 49.0 51.5 55.8 56.4
On temporary layoff............................ 14.6 12.2 13.5 15.6 15.7 15.5 16.0 17.4 14.4
Not on temporary layoff........................ 29.3 39.9 42.1 28.8 35.3 33.5 35.5 38.4 42.0
Job leavers...................................... 13.9 13.0 10.6 13.6 12.1 12.8 11.5 11.4 10.3
Reentrants....................................... 35.0 28.9 27.8 34.4 30.0 31.1 30.2 26.8 27.0
New entrants..................................... 7.2 6.1 6.1 7.6 6.8 7.1 6.8 5.9 6.2
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary
jobs........................................... 1.7 2.6 3.0 1.8 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.1 3.2
Job leavers...................................... .5 .6 .6 .5 .5 .6 .6 .6 .6
Reentrants....................................... 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
New entrants..................................... .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .4 .3 .3 .4
1 Not available.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Range of alternative measures of labor underutilization
(Percent)
Not seasonally Seasonally adjusted
adjusted
Measure
Nov. Oct. Nov. Nov. July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.
2000 2001 2001 2000 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of
the civilian labor force................................ .9 1.4 1.5 .9 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.7
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as
a percent of the civilian labor force................... 1.7 2.6 3.0 1.8 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.1 3.2
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor
force (official unemployment rate)...................... 3.8 5.0 5.3 4.0 4.5 4.9 4.9 5.4 5.7
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent
of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers.... 3.9 5.2 5.5 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all
other marginally attached workers, as a percent of the
civilian labor force plus all marginally
attached workers........................................ 4.5 5.9 6.2 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers,
plus total employed part time for economic reasons,
as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all
marginally attached workers............................. 6.8 8.7 9.0 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
1 Not available.
NOTE: This range of alternative measures of labor underutilization replaces the U1-U7 range published in table A-7 of
this release prior to 1994. Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither working nor looking for work
but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged
workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for a job.
Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to
settle for a part-time schedule. For further information, see "BLS introduces new range of alternative unemployment
measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly Labor Review.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
Number of
unemployed persons Unemployment rates(1)
(in thousands)
Age and sex
Nov. Oct. Nov. Nov. July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.
2000 2001 2001 2000 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001
Total, 16 years and over.......................... 5,658 7,741 8,160 4.0 4.5 4.9 4.9 5.4 5.7
16 to 24 years.................................. 2,081 2,639 2,703 9.1 10.1 11.5 10.7 11.6 11.9
16 to 19 years................................ 1,087 1,253 1,282 13.0 14.8 16.1 14.7 15.5 15.9
16 to 17 years.............................. 507 538 530 15.4 19.3 19.1 16.2 17.2 17.4
18 to 19 years.............................. 579 715 754 11.4 11.8 14.7 13.9 14.4 15.0
20 to 24 years................................ 994 1,385 1,420 6.8 7.5 9.0 8.5 9.5 9.7
25 years and over............................... 3,554 5,086 5,426 3.0 3.4 3.7 3.8 4.3 4.5
25 to 54 years................................ 3,043 4,400 4,786 3.0 3.6 3.9 3.9 4.4 4.8
55 years and over............................. 520 677 668 2.9 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.5
Men, 16 years and over.......................... 3,032 4,179 4,542 4.0 4.5 5.1 4.9 5.5 6.0
16 to 24 years................................ 1,139 1,458 1,565 9.5 10.4 12.4 11.3 12.4 13.3
16 to 19 years.............................. 580 707 739 13.6 15.1 17.9 15.8 17.3 18.0
16 to 17 years............................ 287 322 321 17.5 19.0 22.7 18.3 20.4 20.7
18 to 19 years............................ 293 383 420 11.3 13.0 15.4 14.3 15.2 16.5
20 to 24 years.............................. 559 750 825 7.3 7.9 9.5 8.9 9.8 10.7
25 years and over............................. 1,873 2,714 2,956 3.0 3.5 3.7 3.7 4.2 4.6
25 to 54 years.............................. 1,572 2,335 2,527 2.9 3.6 3.9 3.8 4.3 4.7
55 years and over........................... 296 391 429 2.9 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.7 4.1
Women, 16 years and over........................ 2,626 3,562 3,617 4.0 4.5 4.8 5.0 5.4 5.5
16 to 24 years................................ 942 1,181 1,138 8.6 9.7 10.4 10.1 10.8 10.4
16 to 19 years.............................. 507 546 543 12.3 14.4 14.2 13.6 13.6 13.7
16 to 17 years............................ 220 216 209 13.4 19.6 15.5 13.9 14.0 13.9
18 to 19 years............................ 286 331 333 11.5 10.6 13.9 13.5 13.5 13.5
20 to 24 years.............................. 435 635 595 6.3 7.1 8.4 8.2 9.1 8.5
25 years and over............................. 1,681 2,372 2,470 3.1 3.4 3.7 3.9 4.3 4.5
25 to 54 years.............................. 1,471 2,065 2,259 3.2 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.4 4.8
55 years and over........................... 224 287 239 2.7 2.5 2.7 3.3 3.3 2.8
1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Total Men Women
Category
Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov. Nov.
2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force...................................... 69,551 70,856 26,023 26,728 43,528 44,127
Persons who currently want a job................................ 3,971 4,320 1,706 1,996 2,266 2,324
Searched for work and available to work now(1)............... 1,097 1,315 560 685 538 630
Reason not currently looking:
Discouragement over job prospects(2).................... 234 322 165 180 70 141
Reasons other than discouragement(3).................... 863 993 395 504 468 488
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders(4)...................................... 7,455 7,080 3,812 3,593 3,643 3,487
Percent of total employed..................................... 5.5 5.3 5.3 5.0 5.8 5.5
Primary job full time, secondary job part time................ 4,082 3,870 2,271 2,188 1,811 1,682
Primary and secondary jobs both part time..................... 1,555 1,514 519 491 1,036 1,022
Primary and secondary jobs both full time..................... 321 241 211 136 110 105
Hours vary on primary or secondary job........................ 1,466 1,414 800 746 666 668
1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and were available to take a job during the
reference week.
2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and
other types of discrimination.
3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as child-care and transportation
problems, as well as a small number for which reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry
(In thousands)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Industry
Nov. Sept. Oct. Nov. Nov. July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.
2000 2001 2001p 2001p 2000 2001 2001 2001 2001p 2001p
Total......................... 133,351 132,528 132,574 132,441 132,279 132,449 132,395 132,230 131,762 131,431
Total private.................... 112,328 111,738 111,262 111,006 111,689 111,517 111,390 111,249 110,762 110,437
Goods-producing......................... 25,853 25,203 24,993 24,701 25,711 25,122 24,963 24,888 24,747 24,580
Mining................................ 553 575 576 571 548 567 569 569 569 567
Metal mining........................ 40.1 35.2 34.7 34.4 40 34 35 35 35 34
Coal mining......................... 75.6 79.7 81.2 81.8 75 79 80 80 81 81
Oil and gas extraction.............. 320.5 344.6 343.9 340.1 319 341 342 342 340 339
Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels.. 116.3 115.8 116.5 115.0 114 113 112 112 113 113
Construction.......................... 6,877 7,114 7,063 6,940 6,781 6,867 6,861 6,871 6,854 6,852
General building contractors........ 1,558.4 1,599.6 1,590.4 1,570.7 1,548 1,554 1,557 1,562 1,561 1,561
Heavy construction, except building. 933.0 1,005.0 999.5 966.1 909 935 932 932 933 942
Special trade contractors........... 4,385.2 4,509.3 4,473.3 4,402.9 4,324 4,378 4,372 4,377 4,360 4,349
Manufacturing......................... 18,423 17,514 17,354 17,190 18,382 17,688 17,533 17,448 17,324 17,161
Production workers................ 12,551 11,784 11,657 11,533 12,511 11,900 11,782 11,706 11,627 11,501
Durable goods........................ 11,141 10,471 10,361 10,259 11,120 10,624 10,523 10,460 10,363 10,247
Production workers................ 7,568 6,988 6,900 6,830 7,544 7,102 7,022 6,970 6,898 6,813
Lumber and wood products............ 822.3 805.6 796.6 789.1 817 797 793 794 789 786
Furniture and fixtures.............. 558.0 513.6 504.8 497.8 557 531 519 513 505 498
Stone, clay, and glass products..... 580.7 574.1 570.4 562.3 577 569 568 567 566 560
Primary metal industries............ 693.1 639.0 631.8 622.7 691 648 643 638 632 621
Blast furnaces and basic steel
products....................... 221.6 207.1 206.5 204.0 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Fabricated metal products........... 1,542.3 1,467.0 1,455.2 1,438.2 1,537 1,478 1,468 1,464 1,453 1,434
Industrial machinery and equipment.. 2,117.6 1,956.6 1,934.6 1,913.3 2,122 2,007 1,980 1,965 1,944 1,918
Computer and office equipment..... 364.9 343.5 342.2 338.6 365 353 348 344 343 340
Electronic and other electrical
equipment........................ 1,739.4 1,546.7 1,526.6 1,501.1 1,737 1,589 1,565 1,551 1,529 1,500
Electronic components and
accessories.................... 708.1 608.9 598.7 590.7 708 634 618 613 601 592
Transportation equipment............ 1,824.6 1,735.1 1,708.5 1,709.8 1,822 1,752 1,750 1,735 1,715 1,707
Motor vehicles and equipment...... 996.3 921.1 899.2 906.6 992 936 931 919 903 903
Aircraft and parts................ 463.8 465.3 463.1 457.3 462 466 465 465 463 456
Instruments and related products.... 863.2 850.6 847.6 844.9 865 865 858 851 849 847
Miscellaneous manufacturing......... 399.3 382.7 384.8 379.6 395 388 379 382 381 376
Nondurable goods..................... 7,282 7,043 6,993 6,931 7,262 7,064 7,010 6,988 6,961 6,914
Production workers................ 4,983 4,796 4,757 4,703 4,967 4,798 4,760 4,736 4,729 4,688
Food and kindred products........... 1,685.2 1,726.7 1,713.9 1,696.2 1,679 1,680 1,674 1,682 1,689 1,690
Tobacco products.................... 33.6 33.7 33.8 33.5 33 33 35 33 33 33
Textile mill products............... 516.1 462.8 454.5 448.7 514 471 465 459 453 447
Apparel and other textile products.. 616.3 555.2 546.1 535.4 611 571 554 551 543 532
Paper and allied products........... 653.0 630.7 627.5 627.1 654 632 628 629 628 627
Printing and publishing............. 1,546.2 1,470.2 1,466.3 1,457.4 1,540 1,489 1,483 1,473 1,465 1,452
Chemicals and allied products....... 1,037.2 1,028.7 1,026.0 1,021.8 1,038 1,039 1,035 1,031 1,028 1,023
Petroleum and coal products......... 126.9 131.0 128.9 126.7 127 128 127 128 127 127
Rubber and misc. plastics products.. 997.5 943.1 935.4 924.4 997 957 947 941 935 924
Leather and leather products........ 70.2 60.9 60.5 59.3 69 64 62 61 60 59
Service-producing....................... 107,498 107,325 107,581 107,740 106,568 107,327 107,432 107,342 107,015 106,851
Transportation and public utilities... 7,141 7,112 7,055 7,006 7,093 7,108 7,082 7,070 7,017 6,959
Transportation...................... 4,620 4,571 4,514 4,465 4,573 4,561 4,539 4,528 4,473 4,419
Railroad transportation........... 236.6 226.4 225.7 225.7 235 226 226 226 225 224
Local and interurban passenger
transit........................ 494.2 496.3 495.2 496.2 478 485 486 482 479 480
Trucking and warehousing.......... 1,877.1 1,865.7 1,856.6 1,850.3 1,864 1,863 1,844 1,838 1,832 1,837
Water transportation.............. 196.6 210.8 210.0 202.4 200 203 203 205 207 205
Transportation by air............. 1,325.6 1,293.5 1,259.8 1,236.2 1,306 1,304 1,303 1,300 1,264 1,219
Pipelines, except natural gas..... 13.7 14.0 14.1 14.2 14 14 14 14 14 14
Transportation services........... 476.1 464.2 452.3 440.0 476 466 463 463 452 440
Communications and public utilities. 2,521 2,541 2,541 2,541 2,520 2,547 2,543 2,542 2,544 2,540
Communications.................... 1,674.6 1,694.1 1,694.1 1,693.7 1,672 1,700 1,695 1,695 1,695 1,692
Electric, gas, and sanitary
services....................... 846.7 846.8 847.1 847.5 848 847 848 847 849 848
Wholesale trade....................... 7,084 6,993 6,985 6,958 7,070 7,017 7,010 6,988 6,971 6,946
Durable goods....................... 4,209 4,122 4,112 4,091 4,206 4,149 4,134 4,123 4,114 4,091
Nondurable goods.................... 2,875 2,871 2,873 2,867 2,864 2,868 2,876 2,865 2,857 2,855
Retail trade.......................... 23,787 23,548 23,400 23,761 23,395 23,606 23,583 23,536 23,417 23,403
Building materials and garden
supplies......................... 1,001.6 1,013.0 1,008.5 1,002.1 1,011 1,008 1,014 1,013 1,013 1,011
General merchandise stores.......... 3,068.6 2,746.8 2,789.9 2,973.6 2,835 2,810 2,800 2,793 2,763 2,761
Department stores................. 2,702.4 2,406.4 2,444.8 2,610.8 2,492 2,458 2,449 2,450 2,420 2,405
Food stores......................... 3,562.7 3,531.1 3,542.1 3,571.2 3,526 3,536 3,531 3,538 3,542 3,537
Automotive dealers and service
stations......................... 2,422.9 2,446.2 2,437.0 2,432.9 2,426 2,435 2,441 2,435 2,429 2,435
New and used car dealers.......... 1,122.8 1,138.3 1,137.0 1,139.9 1,123 1,131 1,133 1,133 1,133 1,139
Apparel and accessory stores........ 1,266.8 1,205.4 1,205.8 1,257.2 1,208 1,219 1,224 1,224 1,210 1,200
Furniture and home furnishings
stores........................... 1,171.3 1,125.6 1,136.4 1,165.0 1,144 1,137 1,137 1,138 1,136 1,138
Eating and drinking places.......... 8,072.5 8,353.6 8,124.4 8,122.4 8,142 8,310 8,280 8,242 8,185 8,196
Miscellaneous retail establishments. 3,220.5 3,126.0 3,156.1 3,236.3 3,103 3,151 3,156 3,153 3,139 3,125
Finance, insurance, and real estate... 7,554 7,628 7,604 7,614 7,575 7,618 7,623 7,633 7,627 7,636
Finance............................. 3,725 3,750 3,742 3,763 3,729 3,755 3,758 3,758 3,755 3,769
Depository institutions........... 2,019.0 2,033.2 2,027.1 2,036.8 2,023 2,039 2,037 2,039 2,035 2,041
Commercial banks................ 1,417.0 1,420.4 1,420.5 1,425.9 1,420 1,426 1,423 1,423 1,426 1,428
Savings institutions............ 252.1 254.9 255.5 258.9 253 255 255 256 256 259
Nondepository institutions........ 677.5 705.5 708.6 718.3 678 703 709 706 712 719
Mortgage bankers and brokers.... 301.8 322.0 325.1 333.4 302 321 324 323 327 334
Security and commodity brokers.... 769.7 755.6 748.3 749.6 770 755 755 755 750 751
Holding and other investment
offices........................ 258.3 255.5 257.7 258.2 258 258 257 258 258 258
Insurance........................... 2,338 2,356 2,354 2,354 2,340 2,357 2,357 2,362 2,360 2,356
Insurance carriers................ 1,581.1 1,596.1 1,595.8 1,595.2 1,583 1,599 1,598 1,601 1,602 1,598
Insurance agents, brokers, and
service........................ 757.0 759.6 757.7 758.4 757 758 759 761 758 758
Real estate......................... 1,491 1,522 1,508 1,497 1,506 1,506 1,508 1,513 1,512 1,511
Services2............................. 40,909 41,254 41,225 40,966 40,845 41,046 41,129 41,134 40,983 40,913
Agricultural services............... 811.5 878.7 867.9 836.4 811 834 837 838 840 837
Hotels and other lodging places..... 1,864.2 1,961.5 1,858.6 1,781.9 1,939 1,922 1,912 1,913 1,862 1,855
Personal services................... 1,232.7 1,246.9 1,246.5 1,241.4 1,261 1,281 1,284 1,284 1,280 1,270
Business services................... 10094.9 9,696.1 9,650.2 9,533.0 9,933 9,592 9,588 9,581 9,467 9,387
Services to buildings............. 996.1 997.4 994.3 993.4 998 998 997 997 995 997
Personnel supply services......... 4,023.1 3,622.2 3,552.0 3,415.1 3,869 3,517 3,521 3,488 3,376 3,294
Help supply services............ 3,596.6 3,229.3 3,163.8 3,035.7 3,461 3,127 3,113 3,106 3,005 2,918
Computer and data processing
services....................... 2,150.8 2,188.8 2,190.2 2,192.5 2,152 2,202 2,194 2,200 2,202 2,196
Auto repair, services, and parking.. 1,264.4 1,306.9 1,297.1 1,299.6 1,270 1,312 1,307 1,306 1,298 1,308
Miscellaneous repair services....... 365.7 363.9 364.0 359.6 366 360 362 363 362 359
Motion pictures..................... 585.4 578.0 565.5 570.4 593 595 589 586 581 579
Amusement and recreation services... 1,590.5 1,844.7 1,716.8 1,584.8 1,755 1,772 1,777 1,766 1,775 1,750
Health services..................... 10173.8 10399.0 10428.0 10471.6 10,164 10,354 10,384 10,408 10,429 10,461
Offices and clinics of medical
doctors........................ 1,941.8 1,989.8 1,990.9 2,000.4 1,941 1,983 1,990 1,992 1,993 2,001
Nursing and personal care
facilities..................... 1,802.7 1,829.9 1,834.3 1,841.6 1,800 1,823 1,825 1,830 1,833 1,838
Hospitals......................... 4,017.1 4,120.9 4,134.3 4,152.0 4,016 4,098 4,114 4,124 4,133 4,150
Home health care services......... 648.9 656.0 656.5 661.0 644 647 653 655 655 656
Legal services...................... 1,013.2 1,023.0 1,025.3 1,029.7 1,013 1,026 1,028 1,030 1,029 1,030
Educational services................ 2,522.4 2,398.7 2,603.4 2,643.1 2,338 2,432 2,452 2,446 2,439 2,447
Social services..................... 2,974.9 3,066.5 3,100.6 3,109.3 2,958 3,048 3,076 3,085 3,094 3,095
Child day care services........... 743.0 755.2 768.7 771.1 727 760 765 756 756 755
Residential care.................. 818.4 847.6 850.9 851.7 820 847 848 851 853 853
Museums and botanical and zoological
gardens........................... 106.0 112.5 112.2 107.6 108 111 111 112 112 110
Membership organizations............ 2,470.8 2,487.7 2,491.4 2,494.3 2,486 2,493 2,503 2,509 2,505 2,509
Engineering and management services. 3,467.5 3,516.2 3,524.4 3,530.6 3,478 3,540 3,544 3,533 3,536 3,542
Engineering and architectural
services....................... 1,033.4 1,069.6 1,068.4 1,065.5 1,035 1,064 1,067 1,067 1,069 1,067
Management and public relations... 1,115.5 1,120.1 1,122.1 1,122.1 1,113 1,119 1,123 1,122 1,122 1,121
Services, nec....................... 49.9 51.6 51.2 51.2 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
Government............................ 21,023 20,790 21,312 21,435 20,590 20,932 21,005 20,981 21,000 20,994
Federal............................. 2,613 2,620 2,609 2,604 2,620 2,626 2,622 2,627 2,623 2,604
Federal, except Postal Service.... 1,746.8 1,776.4 1,767.4 1,761.1 1,761 1,772 1,774 1,776 1,777 1,775
State............................... 4,941 4,908 5,057 5,062 4,798 4,909 4,913 4,931 4,923 4,913
Education......................... 2,193.1 2,092.8 2,256.6 2,281.9 2,033 2,117 2,122 2,129 2,116 2,115
Other State government............ 2,747.8 2,815.0 2,800.1 2,780.4 2,765 2,792 2,791 2,802 2,807 2,798
Local............................... 13,469 13,262 13,646 13,769 13,172 13,397 13,470 13,423 13,454 13,477
Education......................... 7,803.5 7,443.5 7,863.6 7,992.2 7,449 7,575 7,650 7,595 7,607 7,629
Other local government............ 5,665.3 5,818.2 5,782.4 5,776.3 5,723 5,822 5,820 5,828 5,847 5,848
1 These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the
trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
2 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Industry
Nov. Sept. Oct. Nov. Nov. July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.
2000 2001 2001p 2001p 2000 2001 2001 2001 2001p 2001p
Total private.................... 34.3 34.3 34.0 34.0 34.3 34.2 34.0 34.1 34.0 34.1
Goods-producing......................... 40.8 40.7 40.4 40.3 40.6 40.5 40.3 40.2 40.0 40.1
Mining................................ 42.9 44.0 43.6 42.9 43.0 43.3 43.4 43.5 43.0 43.1
Construction.......................... 38.7 39.8 39.4 39.1 38.9 39.4 39.2 39.1 38.6 39.4
Manufacturing......................... 41.6 41.0 40.7 40.7 41.2 40.8 40.7 40.6 40.5 40.3
Overtime hours.................... 4.6 4.3 4.0 3.9 4.3 4.0 4.1 3.9 3.8 3.7
Durable goods........................ 42.1 41.3 40.9 40.9 41.6 41.2 41.1 40.9 40.7 40.5
Overtime hours.................... 4.6 4.1 3.8 3.8 4.4 4.0 4.1 3.8 3.7 3.6
Lumber and wood products............ 41.0 41.6 40.8 40.6 40.8 41.1 40.9 41.1 40.5 40.5
Furniture and fixtures.............. 39.9 39.6 38.7 38.7 39.4 39.7 39.7 38.8 38.4 38.4
Stone, clay, and glass products..... 43.2 45.1 44.3 44.3 43.0 44.0 43.9 44.0 43.8 44.0
Primary metal industries............ 45.0 44.4 43.1 42.8 44.4 44.1 43.7 43.7 43.2 42.2
Blast furnaces and basic steel
products....................... 45.8 45.9 43.7 43.2 45.2 44.7 44.6 45.5 43.9 42.8
Fabricated metal products........... 42.6 41.5 41.2 41.3 42.1 41.6 41.5 41.2 41.0 40.8
Industrial machinery and equipment.. 42.0 40.4 40.4 40.4 41.7 40.8 40.2 40.3 40.5 40.1
Electronic and other electrical
equipment........................ 41.0 39.4 39.3 39.4 40.5 38.9 39.1 39.1 39.0 38.9
Transportation equipment............ 43.1 41.9 41.7 41.8 42.5 42.2 42.8 41.5 41.3 41.3
Motor vehicles and equipment...... 43.9 42.9 42.5 42.6 43.2 43.0 44.6 42.3 42.0 42.1
Instruments and related products.... 41.5 41.1 40.6 41.0 41.2 40.8 40.4 41.1 40.7 40.7
Miscellaneous manufacturing......... 38.7 37.8 37.6 37.4 38.4 38.4 38.2 37.6 37.4 37.2
Nondurable goods..................... 41.0 40.7 40.4 40.5 40.5 40.3 40.1 40.2 40.2 40.0
Overtime hours.................... 4.5 4.6 4.3 4.2 4.2 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.1 3.9
Food and kindred products........... 42.1 42.0 41.7 41.3 41.4 40.9 41.1 41.0 41.1 40.6
Tobacco products.................... 41.0 40.8 40.6 40.4 40.4 40.5 39.9 40.0 40.2 39.9
Textile mill products............... 40.9 40.2 39.7 40.0 40.5 39.7 39.8 39.8 39.7 39.7
Apparel and other textile products.. 37.8 36.7 36.6 36.7 37.6 37.7 36.9 36.9 36.7 36.6
Paper and allied products........... 42.8 42.2 41.8 41.8 42.2 41.9 41.2 41.6 41.5 41.2
Printing and publishing............. 38.8 38.5 38.2 38.4 38.2 38.2 38.0 38.1 38.0 37.8
Chemicals and allied products....... 42.4 42.3 42.3 42.6 42.1 42.7 42.1 42.2 42.3 42.2
Petroleum and coal products......... 43.0 42.9 42.0 41.8 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2)
Rubber and misc. plastics products.. 41.2 41.2 40.7 41.0 41.0 40.6 40.5 40.8 40.5 40.8
Leather and leather products........ 37.8 36.8 36.2 36.2 37.3 35.7 36.4 36.3 36.0 35.8
Service-producing....................... 32.6 32.8 32.5 32.5 32.8 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.5 32.6
Transportation and public utilities... 38.5 38.0 37.6 37.6 38.6 37.8 37.8 37.6 37.6 37.7
Wholesale trade....................... 38.4 38.7 38.1 38.2 38.4 38.2 38.3 38.3 38.1 38.2
Retail trade.......................... 28.6 28.8 28.5 28.5 28.9 28.6 28.6 28.7 28.7 28.8
Finance, insurance, and real estate... 36.0 36.7 35.9 36.1 36.2 36.2 36.2 36.2 36.1 36.3
Services.............................. 32.6 32.7 32.4 32.5 32.6 32.7 32.5 32.6 32.5 32.6
1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real
estate; and services. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private nonfarm
payrolls.
2 This series is not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the
trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by
industry
Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Industry
Nov. Sept. Oct. Nov. Nov. Sept. Oct. Nov.
2000 2001 2001p 2001p 2000 2001 2001p 2001p
Total private.................... $13.99 $14.51 $14.50 $14.54 $479.86 $497.69 $493.00 $494.36
Seasonally adjusted............. 13.97 14.45 14.47 14.52 479.17 492.75 491.98 495.13
Goods-producing......................... 15.66 16.14 16.14 16.18 638.93 656.90 652.06 652.05
Mining................................ 17.32 17.67 17.70 17.78 743.03 777.48 771.72 762.76
Construction.......................... 18.20 18.50 18.55 18.56 704.34 736.30 730.87 725.70
Manufacturing......................... 14.60 15.01 14.97 15.06 607.36 615.41 609.28 612.94
Durable goods........................ 15.05 15.49 15.45 15.53 633.61 639.74 631.91 635.18
Lumber and wood products............ 12.07 12.45 12.35 12.41 494.87 517.92 503.88 503.85
Furniture and fixtures.............. 11.90 12.35 12.38 12.36 474.81 489.06 479.11 478.33
Stone, clay, and glass products..... 14.76 15.22 15.13 15.11 637.63 686.42 670.26 669.37
Primary metal industries............ 16.58 17.27 17.11 17.23 746.10 766.79 737.44 737.44
Blast furnaces and basic steel
products....................... 19.71 20.91 20.56 20.83 902.72 959.77 898.47 899.86
Fabricated metal products........... 14.03 14.42 14.34 14.43 597.68 598.43 590.81 595.96
Industrial machinery and equipment.. 15.67 16.05 16.09 16.11 658.14 648.42 650.04 650.84
Electronic and other electrical
equipment........................ 14.04 14.84 14.77 14.87 575.64 584.70 580.46 585.88
Transportation equipment............ 19.05 19.31 19.38 19.50 821.06 809.09 808.15 815.10
Motor vehicles and equipment...... 19.43 19.68 19.82 19.95 852.98 844.27 842.35 849.87
Instruments and related products.... 14.64 15.06 15.00 15.06 607.56 618.97 609.00 617.46
Miscellaneous manufacturing......... 11.82 12.37 12.27 12.40 457.43 467.59 461.35 463.76
Nondurable goods..................... 13.89 14.31 14.27 14.37 569.49 582.42 576.51 581.99
Food and kindred products........... 12.69 12.95 12.93 13.14 534.25 543.90 539.18 542.68
Tobacco products.................... 21.85 21.70 21.70 22.47 895.85 885.36 881.02 907.79
Textile mill products............... 11.27 11.40 11.36 11.45 460.94 458.28 450.99 458.00
Apparel and other textile products.. 9.33 9.56 9.48 9.58 352.67 350.85 346.97 351.59
Paper and allied products........... 16.50 17.12 17.12 17.16 706.20 722.46 715.62 717.29
Printing and publishing............. 14.56 15.01 14.96 14.93 564.93 577.89 571.47 573.31
Chemicals and allied products....... 18.35 18.86 18.62 18.63 778.04 797.78 787.63 793.64
Petroleum and coal products......... 22.23 22.27 22.35 22.29 955.89 955.38 938.70 931.72
Rubber and misc. plastics products.. 13.10 13.51 13.48 13.53 539.72 556.61 548.64 554.73
Leather and leather products........ 10.32 10.25 10.17 10.28 390.10 377.20 368.15 372.14
Service-producing....................... 13.47 14.02 14.01 14.06 439.12 459.86 455.33 456.95
Transportation and public utilities... 16.43 17.07 17.10 17.14 632.56 648.66 642.96 644.46
Wholesale trade....................... 15.45 16.03 15.86 15.91 593.28 620.36 604.27 607.76
Retail trade.......................... 9.61 9.92 9.94 9.99 274.85 285.70 283.29 284.72
Finance, insurance, and real estate... 15.25 16.05 15.97 16.04 549.00 589.04 573.32 579.04
Services.............................. 14.20 14.78 14.79 14.88 462.92 483.31 479.20 483.60
1 See footnote 1, table B-2.
p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by industry, seasonally adjusted
Percent
Nov. July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. change
Industry 2000 2001 2001 2001 2001p 2001p from:
Oct. 2001-
Nov. 2001
Total private:
Current dollars.............. $13.97 $14.34 $14.40 $14.45 $14.47 $14.52 0.3
Constant (1982) dollars2..... 7.92 8.00 8.03 8.02 8.06 N.A. (3)
Goods-producing............... 15.63 15.93 16.01 16.04 16.05 16.16 .7
Mining...................... 17.38 17.74 17.69 17.67 17.73 17.84 .6
Construction................ 18.16 18.26 18.35 18.36 18.38 18.51 .7
Manufacturing............... 14.57 14.86 14.93 14.96 14.97 15.04 .5
Excluding overtime4....... 13.84 14.18 14.24 14.28 14.30 14.37 .5
Service-producing............. 13.46 13.87 13.93 13.98 14.01 14.05 .3
Transportation and public
utilities................ 16.42 16.88 16.95 17.02 17.10 17.14 .2
Wholesale trade............. 15.44 15.84 15.81 15.95 15.90 15.91 .1
Retail trade................ 9.61 9.84 9.87 9.87 9.92 9.99 .7
Finance, insurance, and real
estate................... 15.28 15.91 15.99 16.01 16.06 16.07 .1
Services.................... 14.16 14.61 14.71 14.76 14.80 14.83 .2
1 See footnote 1, table B-2.
2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to
deflate this series.
3 Change was .5 percent from September 2001 to October 2001, the latest month available.
4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and one-half.
N.A. = not available.
p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by
industry
(1982=100)
Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Industry
Nov. Sept. Oct. Nov. Nov. July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.
2000 2001 2001p 2001p 2000 2001 2001 2001 2001p 2001p
Total private.................... 152.6 151.9 149.7 149.1 151.8 150.8 150.1 149.9 148.8 148.7
Goods-producing......................... 116.6 112.8 110.7 108.9 114.9 111.5 110.3 109.5 108.2 107.7
Mining................................ 52.5 56.5 56.3 55.2 52.0 55.1 55.3 55.1 54.7 54.8
Construction.......................... 187.8 199.7 196.2 190.0 184.7 190.3 188.5 188.0 185.1 188.7
Manufacturing......................... 105.4 97.5 95.6 94.7 103.9 98.0 96.8 95.9 94.9 93.5
Durable goods........................ 111.1 100.6 98.4 97.5 109.6 102.1 100.8 99.4 97.9 96.3
Lumber and wood products............ 144.6 142.7 138.4 136.7 143.0 139.5 138.0 138.6 135.8 135.6
Furniture and fixtures.............. 139.2 125.9 120.6 119.0 137.2 130.1 127.6 123.2 119.8 118.0
Stone, clay, and glass products..... 119.6 122.7 119.4 117.7 118.0 118.9 117.0 117.8 116.8 116.2
Primary metal industries............ 92.7 83.1 79.6 77.5 91.1 83.4 82.3 81.7 79.9 76.1
Blast furnaces and basic steel
products....................... 71.0 66.0 62.5 60.8 70.2 64.2 64.1 65.3 63.0 59.9
Fabricated metal products........... 123.0 112.3 110.5 109.5 120.8 113.7 112.6 111.1 109.7 107.5
Industrial machinery and equipment.. 101.5 88.0 86.9 85.9 101.0 91.5 88.9 88.2 87.7 85.6
Electronic and other electrical
equipment........................ 109.4 90.0 88.5 87.1 107.7 92.4 90.9 89.6 88.0 85.9
Transportation equipment............ 120.1 109.2 106.6 107.2 117.9 111.2 112.6 108.0 105.9 105.5
Motor vehicles and equipment...... 159.2 142.1 136.9 139.0 155.8 145.1 149.6 139.9 135.6 136.3
Instruments and related products.... 76.2 72.8 71.2 71.8 75.9 73.8 72.4 72.9 72.0 71.7
Miscellaneous manufacturing......... 100.3 91.3 91.2 89.4 97.9 94.3 90.6 90.2 89.4 87.5
Nondurable goods..................... 97.6 93.3 91.8 90.9 96.2 92.4 91.3 91.0 90.8 89.6
Food and kindred products........... 118.6 121.1 119.2 116.4 116.0 114.0 114.5 113.7 115.4 113.7
Tobacco products.................... 50.2 50.5 50.4 49.7 48.0 48.1 51.4 47.5 47.8 47.4
Textile mill products............... 73.3 64.9 63.0 62.4 72.4 65.3 64.7 63.7 62.8 61.7
Apparel and other textile products.. 53.1 46.0 45.0 44.2 52.4 48.6 45.9 45.7 44.9 43.8
Paper and allied products........... 103.3 98.7 97.2 97.4 102.0 97.8 95.8 96.7 96.5 96.0
Printing and publishing............. 122.0 114.4 112.8 112.7 119.4 114.7 113.7 113.4 112.4 110.3
Chemicals and allied products....... 99.5 96.8 96.8 97.1 98.6 99.1 97.0 96.9 97.0 96.2
Petroleum and coal products......... 70.5 75.3 72.7 71.5 70.1 71.8 73.3 73.4 71.7 71.7
Rubber and misc. plastics products.. 144.9 136.2 133.5 132.5 144.5 136.4 134.3 134.5 132.6 131.9
Leather and leather products........ 30.6 25.7 24.9 24.4 29.8 25.8 26.3 25.7 24.9 23.6
Service-producing....................... 168.7 169.4 167.1 167.2 168.3 168.4 168.0 168.1 167.0 167.1
Transportation and public utilities... 140.8 139.2 136.6 135.1 139.8 138.3 137.8 136.7 135.6 134.4
Wholesale trade....................... 133.1 131.9 130.0 129.9 132.5 130.6 131.0 130.6 129.6 129.4
Retail trade.......................... 147.5 146.1 144.0 146.3 146.4 145.7 145.6 145.7 144.8 145.1
Finance, insurance, and real estate... 137.4 141.6 138.2 139.2 138.9 139.6 139.6 140.0 139.6 140.6
Services.............................. 211.5 213.9 211.9 210.5 211.2 212.8 212.0 212.4 211.0 211.1
1 See footnote 1, table B-2.
p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted
(Percent)
Time span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.
Private nonfarm payrolls, 353 industries1
Over 1-month span:
1997.............. 57.2 58.6 62.5 63.2 59.8 57.2 59.8 59.2 62.7 65.2 61.6 62.2
1998.............. 63.2 56.2 59.3 60.2 58.9 57.1 55.4 58.4 54.8 55.0 58.2 56.4
1999.............. 55.1 59.6 52.8 57.2 58.2 54.2 57.1 54.4 55.2 57.9 59.9 56.8
2000.............. 55.7 59.3 61.0 54.2 47.7 60.5 57.8 55.1 52.0 54.8 55.1 54.2
2001.............. 53.7 50.4 55.8 45.0 46.6 44.3 45.5 43.9 44.1 p39.4 p39.2
Over 3-month span:
1997.............. 63.5 64.0 66.0 67.0 63.2 63.3 59.8 65.6 67.3 71.1 70.0 69.5
1998.............. 65.3 66.1 64.6 65.7 62.2 57.9 57.5 58.4 59.1 59.2 59.3 59.2
1999.............. 60.8 57.8 58.5 55.8 58.1 57.9 57.2 59.2 59.8 59.1 61.0 60.6
2000.............. 61.6 63.3 61.9 56.2 55.1 57.9 61.5 56.4 54.1 53.3 55.7 53.3
2001.............. 51.7 54.1 48.6 49.2 42.5 42.4 40.5 39.9 p39.0 p36.4
Over 6-month span:
1997.............. 66.7 68.6 66.1 66.0 65.3 65.9 66.0 69.1 69.4 70.3 71.1 70.7
1998.............. 70.4 67.4 65.0 62.5 63.6 60.5 59.2 58.6 57.9 59.6 60.6 59.9
1999.............. 59.8 59.8 58.2 60.3 56.7 59.2 61.8 60.8 62.2 61.2 62.3 64.9
2000.............. 63.5 60.6 62.6 63.7 61.5 55.5 56.1 58.6 54.2 54.8 51.8 54.2
2001.............. 52.0 50.6 48.6 45.3 44.1 38.5 p37.4 p36.1
Over 12-month span:
1997.............. 69.3 67.4 68.4 70.0 69.7 70.3 70.1 70.8 71.0 70.5 69.7 70.7
1998.............. 69.7 67.6 67.4 66.0 64.0 62.7 61.9 62.0 60.9 59.3 60.8 58.8
1999.............. 61.2 60.2 58.2 60.8 60.8 61.6 62.2 61.3 63.9 63.0 61.3 60.9
2000.............. 62.5 63.0 61.8 59.5 58.4 56.8 55.7 56.5 54.2 53.4 53.0 51.7
2001.............. 49.6 47.7 45.0 p42.4 p39.7
Manufacturing payrolls, 136 industries1
Over 1-month span:
1997.............. 48.2 52.6 55.5 54.8 52.9 53.7 49.3 51.1 57.7 61.8 61.4 54.8
1998.............. 57.4 51.5 53.7 53.3 43.8 48.2 38.2 51.5 41.9 41.5 41.2 43.4
1999.............. 46.0 44.5 43.0 42.3 50.4 39.3 51.5 39.3 45.2 46.3 53.3 46.7
2000.............. 44.9 56.6 55.5 46.7 41.2 54.8 53.7 38.6 34.6 41.5 43.8 44.1
2001.............. 37.9 32.4 41.5 31.3 29.4 33.1 39.0 27.6 36.0 p30.9 p25.4
Over 3-month span:
1997.............. 50.0 51.5 55.9 55.5 52.9 52.9 50.4 54.8 59.6 70.6 66.5 64.3
1998.............. 59.6 59.6 55.9 50.4 46.7 37.9 41.5 41.5 41.9 38.2 36.8 40.8
1999.............. 41.2 39.0 38.2 41.5 40.8 45.2 39.0 45.2 40.8 44.9 46.3 46.0
2000.............. 50.0 54.0 52.9 42.3 43.0 48.5 48.2 33.8 28.7 30.5 39.0 35.7
2001.............. 28.3 29.4 24.6 26.5 22.4 24.6 21.0 19.9 p21.0 p22.4
Over 6-month span:
1997.............. 53.7 53.7 51.1 52.9 50.7 50.7 54.8 62.1 61.8 64.3 67.3 65.8
1998.............. 63.2 54.4 50.4 40.4 44.5 40.1 37.5 36.4 34.9 40.1 37.1 34.2
1999.............. 36.0 38.2 37.5 41.2 36.8 39.7 43.0 41.5 46.0 40.4 46.3 51.5
2000.............. 51.5 44.5 48.5 55.1 43.8 34.9 33.5 34.6 30.1 29.4 25.0 27.9
2001.............. 26.8 25.4 19.9 20.6 20.2 15.1 p15.1 p14.7
Over 12-month span:
1997.............. 55.1 52.6 54.0 54.4 55.5 57.0 57.0 58.8 59.2 57.7 57.4 57.7
1998.............. 54.8 52.2 51.8 46.7 40.4 40.1 38.2 37.5 36.4 34.6 35.7 34.2
1999.............. 38.6 34.6 32.4 36.0 37.9 39.0 40.1 40.4 44.5 46.0 44.9 44.5
2000.............. 46.3 45.2 41.2 37.9 33.8 31.3 31.3 31.3 27.6 25.4 24.3 21.0
2001.............. 19.1 16.5 14.7 p16.9 p14.0
1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are
centered within the span.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with
unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing
employment.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Contact: (cpsinfo@bls.gov) Division of Labor Force Statistics-BLS
Last revised: January 04, 2002
URL: http://www.bls.census.gov/cps/pub/empsit_nov2001.htm
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